Big Potential From Silicon-Based Porous Nanomaterials: In Field of Energy Storage and Sensors

Abstract

Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are the promising materials in the various applications due to their unique properties like large surface area, biocompatibility, stability, excellent optical and electrical properties. Surface, optical and electrical properties are highly dependent on particle size, doping of different materials and so on. Porous structures in silicon nanomaterials not only improve the specific surface area, adsorption, and photoluminescence efficiency but also provide numbers of voids as well as the high surface to volume ratio and enhance the adsorption ability. In this review, we focus on the significance of porous silicon/mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs/mSiNPs) in the applications of energy storage, sensors and bioscience. Silicon as anode material in the lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) faces a huge change in volume during charging/discharging which leads to cracking, electrical contact loss and unstable solid electrolyte interphase. To overcome challenges of Si anode in the LIBs, mSiNPs are the promising candidates with different structures and coating of different materials to enhance electrochemical properties. On the basis of optical properties with tunable wavelength, pSiNPs are catching good results in biosensors and gas sensors. The mSiNPs with different structures and modified surfaces are playing an important role in the detection of biomarkers, drug delivery and diagnosis of cancer and tumors.

Response of Photoluminescence of H-Terminated and Hydrosilylated Porous Si Powders to Rinsing and Temperature

“…Porous silicon has garnered significant interest in the past several decades due to its relevance to rechargeable lithium ion batteries [1][2][3][4], sensing [5][6][7][8], and biomedical applications including drug delivery [9][10][11], as a vaccine adjuvant [12], in theranostics [13,14], and as a functional biomaterial [15]. When nanostructured, silicon becomes a biocompatible material [16,17].…”

The mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway mediates the autophagy-promoting and osteogenic effects of dicalcium silicate nanoparticles

“…Due to its good biological activity, dicalcium silicate is considered a bioactive material with good application prospects. Nanomaterials such as silica nanoparticles are often used in biomaterials due to their sizable specific surface area, biocompatible capacity, stability, and outstanding optical and electrical characteristics [29,30]. Our study showed that dicalcium silicate nanoparticles (C 2 S NPs) are irregularly shaped nanoparticles with a hydrated particle size of approximately 100 nm; therefore, they have a large specific surface area.…”

Preparation of CoO/SnO2@NC/S composite as high-stability cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries

“…Lithium-sulfur batteries (Li-S batteries) is identified as one of the prospective energy storage devices in the future because of its high energy density, portability and inexpensive [3][4]. However, the problems such as the low conductivity of sulfur, shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfide in organic electrolyte and volume expansion of electrodes, need to be resolved for practical applications with high requirements [5][6].…”