Big trees drive forest structure patterns across a lowland Amazon regrowth gradient

Caron, Tassiana Maylla Fontoura; Chuma, Victor Juan Ulises Rodriguez; Sandi, Alexander Arévalo; Norris, D. Ryan

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83030-5

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The two variables representing forest structure were strongly related to Black-winged Trumpeter occupancy probability, with tree density having a significantly negative effect and basal area having a positive, albeit non-significant, effect. Both variables are indicators of forest successional stage, with basal area increasing (Lu et al 2003, Myster 2016, Caron et al 2021) and tree density decreasing (Wright 2005) as forests mature. Such a preference for undisturbed forests seems to be universal for the genus (Parry et al 2007, Michalski et al 2015, Michalski and Peres 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of the Critically Endangered Black-winged Trumpeter Psophia obscura in one of its last strongholds

Carvalho

Mendonça²,

Lopes³

et al. 2022

Bird Conservation International

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Summary The ‘Critically Endangered’ Black-winged Trumpeter Psophia obscura is endemic to the Belém Centre of Endemism in extreme eastern Amazonia and has a declining population and range. Here we report on a five-year (2016–2020) systematic camera-trap (n = 61) study of the species in Gurupi Biological Reserve, one of its most important conservation areas. We used a multi-season occupancy model to identify factors affecting occupancy rates and to assess occupancy trends in the reserve. Occupancy was negatively related to elevation and site-level tree density, and was positively related to post-logging recovery times. Average annual occupancy rates remained stable throughout the study period (ranging between 0.57 and 0.67) and this stability was largely driven by high between-year survival rates. Results confirm that the Black-winged Trumpeter is an interior-forest specialist that is highly sensitive to forest disturbance, which underlines the importance of the Gurupi Biological Reserve as a core site for the conservation of the species. However, the species is long-lived, so continuous monitoring is needed to further clarify population trends. We also recommended that the status of the species in other forest remnants, most of which remain unprotected, is assessed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of the Critically Endangered Black-winged Trumpeter Psophia obscura in one of its last strongholds

Carvalho

Mendonça²,

Lopes³

et al. 2022

Bird Conservation International

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“…In our study area there has been some localized deforestation extending approximately 50 km upstream from the nearest town (Porto Grande), yet the majority of survey rivers are immediately bordered by continuous forest cover, i.e ., < 1% forest loss from 2000–2020 within 10 km of the rivers ( Hansen et al, 2013 ; https://glad.earthengine.app/view/global-forest-change#dl=1;old=off;bl=off;lon=-51.59987769825302;lat=1.0675835988661395;zoom=10 , accessed 7 July 2022) with a border of canopy trees typically starting 1–4 m from the river’s edge and the riverbank rises abruptly along the studied rivers such that forests close to the margin ( e.g. , within 110–554 m) are never flooded ( Caron et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human disturbances and the daytime activity of sympatric otters along equatorial Amazonian rivers

Norris

Michalski

2023

PeerJ

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Background Previous studies suggest coexistence between sympatric neotropical (Lontra longicaudis) and giant otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) maybe facilitated by temporal and spatial differences in activity. Yet, to date there has been no systematic evaluation of activity of these species in sympatry. Here we use extensive multi-year field data to compare temporal and spatial patterns in the diurnal activity of sympatric giant and neotropical otters to answer three questions: Do temporal patterns in daytime river use change in relation to seasonal river levels (low, rising, high and declining river levels), do they change due to human disturbances (boats and fishing nets) and do patterns in neotropical otter activity change due to the presence of the larger sized giant otter? Methods Direct observations of both species were recorded using standardized boat surveys along 218 km of rivers over 53 months during nine years (2011–2013 and 2015–2020). Complementary techniques (Generalized Additive Models, Kernel density estimates and non-parametric tests,) were used to compare diurnal activity patterns along rivers subdivided into 41 river reaches. Results The presence of giant otters decreased threefold from 67% of the least disturbed reaches (few boats no fishing nets) to 18% of the most disturbed reaches with many boats and fishing nets. In contrast neotropical otter presence nearly doubled from 44% of the least disturbed to 73% of the most disturbed reaches with fewest giant otter detections. Both species were observed across all daytime hours but were observed rarely on the same day. There was no evidence to suggest simultaneous use of the same reach. When species were detected on the same day, they were separated spatially (median distance between species 12.5 km) and temporally (median time difference 3.0 hours). There was little change in activity of either species among seasons. Giant otters were less active in river reaches with fishing nets and boat use, whereas neotropical otter activity did not appear to be strongly affected by these activities. Conclusions Our findings support evidence that diurnal activity in both otter species is flexible, with daytime activity changing due to human disturbances in the case of giant otters.

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“…Old and Notable Trees (ONTs) are precious natural resources in all natural landscapes [1][2][3][4]. ONTs refer to trees more than 100 years old or that have important historical, cultural, scientific, and landscape values as well as commemorative significance [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of Old and Notable Trees in a Fast-Developing City, Northeast China

et al. 2022

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As a symbol of urban civilization and history, old and notable trees (ONTs) are facing challenges brought by rapid urbanization. Changchun is the fastest growing city in Northeast China, and throughout its development process of over 100 years it has preserved many ONTs. This study investigated all the ONTs in Changchun, and analyzed the species diversity, spatial distribution characteristics, dimension, age, and health status of trees by using ecological index and mathematical statistics, and trying to find out the underlying factors regulating their distribution. The results showed that there were 773 old trees belonging to 25 species and 2 notable trees from 1 species in Changchun. Pyrus ussuriensis was the dominant species, followed by Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila. The urban area, population density, greening rate, and construction history did not influence the species and quantity of ONTs, while the types of land use and tree protection planning were important factors affecting the richness, diversity, and growth conditions of trees. To explore the potential reasons for their existence, the ONTs’ data in Changchun was compared with two nearby cities—Harbin and Shenyang. The comparison indicated that the geographical location and climatic conditions also controlled the distribution of ONTs. The number and dimensions of trees were driven by the history and development process of the city. Our findings suggested that preserving favorable living environments and maintaining a low intensity of human disturbance are critical factors for the survival of ONTs in cities.

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Big trees drive forest structure patterns across a lowland Amazon regrowth gradient

Cited by 10 publications

References 82 publications

Current status of the Critically Endangered Black-winged Trumpeter Psophia obscura in one of its last strongholds

Current status of the Critically Endangered Black-winged Trumpeter Psophia obscura in one of its last strongholds

Human disturbances and the daytime activity of sympatric otters along equatorial Amazonian rivers

Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of Old and Notable Trees in a Fast-Developing City, Northeast China

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