Bilateral Posterior and Lateral Ponticles Resulting In the Formation of Vertebral Artery Canal for the Atlas: Case Report

Vanitha, Vanitha; Teli, Chandrika; Kadlimatti, H. S.

doi:10.9790/0853-13548284

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…According to Manjunath (2001) [32], this variant anatomy was detected on 11.7% of C1 vertebrae observed in 60 southern Indians and was reported to occur in 1.8 to 29.2% of individuals in various geographic locations. Taitz and Nathan (1986) [50] Mitchell (1998) [33] and Vanitha (2014) [55] concluded that hyperextension of the head or manual pressure in this region during cervical manual manipulation is more likely to provoke VA compression, especially when FA is present, resulting in stenosis. Nevertheless, Haynes (2005) [18] didn't observe any incidence of VA stenosis using a Doppler examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebral artery variations revised: origin, course, branches and embryonic development

et al. 2021

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Background: The vertebral artery originates from the subclavian artery and is divided into four segments. The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomical variations in the course and branches of the vertebral artery. Materials and methods: A research was performed via Pubmed database, using the terms; "variations of vertebral artery AND cadaveric study", "variations of vertebral artery AND cadavers" and "anomalies of vertebral artery AND cadavers". Results: A total of 24 articles met the inclusion criteria, 13 of them referring to variations of the origin of the vertebral artery, 9 to variations of the course and 3 to variations of its branches. On a total sample of 1192 cadavers of different population, origin of the left vertebral artery directly from the aortic arch was observed at 6.7%. In addition, among 311 cadavers, 17.4% were found with partially or fully ossified foramen of the atlas for the passage of the vertebral artery, while the bibliographic review also showed variants at the exit site of the artery from the transverse foramen of the axis. Conclusions: Despite the fact that variations of both the course and the branches of vertebral artery are in most cases asymptomatic, good knowledge of anatomy and its variants is of particular importance for the prevention of vascular complications during surgical and radiological procedures in the cervix area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebral artery variations revised: origin, course, branches and embryonic development

et al. 2021

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“…This report describes an unusual finding during anatomy course instruction with cadavers provided by the Life University, College of Chiropractic. Anatomists generally recognized that skillful prosection leads to better visualization, demonstration and description for student learning [ 23 , 24 ]. Anatomical descriptions of location, relation to neighboring structures, size and shape are often supported by drawings, but not often by photographic or radiographic images [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anatomists generally recognized that skillful prosection leads to better visualization, demonstration and description for student learning [ 23 , 24 ]. Anatomical descriptions of location, relation to neighboring structures, size and shape are often supported by drawings, but not often by photographic or radiographic images [ 23 ]. An increase in the use of computers for teaching anatomy has been reported [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An anatomical study of arcuate foramen and its clinical implications: a case report

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe objective of this paper is to describe the relationship of the vertebral artery (VA) to the Atlas (C1) in the sub-occipital region in the presence of arcuate foramen; and discuss the clinical implications related to manual therapies and surgical implications related to screw placement. This study is an anatomical cadaveric case report of symmetrical bilateral lateral and dorsal arcuate foramina on the C1 dorsal arch. Case PresentationOut of 40 cadavers that were available for use in teaching anatomy in the university setting, three presented with anomalies of the C1 dorsal arch. The sub-occipital regions were skillfully prosected to preserve related structures, especially VAs, sub-occipital and greater occipital nerves. Visual observations, photographs, measurements, and radiographic examinations were performed between January 15, 2014 and August 25, 2014. One cadaver (Specimen A) presented with complete bilateral ossified arcuate foramina, and two presented with partial ossification of the atlanto-occipital membrane. Specimen A presented the bilateral anomaly which is almost symmetrical. The VAs were found passing through double foramina (lateral and dorsal) on each side.ConclusionsArcuate foramina have been shown to be commonly found anomalies with highly variable shapes and sizes, even in the same individual with a bilateral condition. This study found a rare type of the anomaly associated with the C1 dorsal arch, which protected the VA against manual pressure. However, VA, in this case, would be more susceptible to dissection. The presence of the arcuate foramen would also complicate screw placement during surgery. Clinical pre-screening for signs of vertebrobasilar insufficiency is important for chiropractic and manual therapies.

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Simultaneous lateral ponticle with facet-like depression and epitransverse process of the atlas

et al. 2017

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The lateral ponticle and epitransverse process are rare anatomical variations found on the atlas vertebra of the cervical spine. When a lateral ponticle occurs, an abnormal bony bridge extends from the superior articular facet to the transverse process. This bony bridge bisects the transverse foramen wherein the vertebral artery normally lies. In this case report, we describe a C1 specimen from an adult male with a lateral ponticle on the right side and an epitransverse process on the left side. Additionally, an articular facet-like structure was also found on the lateral ponticle's surface. Relevant literature regarding the lateral ponticle across age groups, sex, race, and species is also reviewed. We postulate that genesis of the lateral ponticle of the atlas occurs in utero, specifically during the lateral ossification of the ventral sclerotomes. To our knowledge, an articular facet-like structure on such a ponticle has not been reported previously. Moreover, simultaneous occurrence of a lateral ponticle and contralateral epitransverse process has, to our knowledge, not been reported before.

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Bilateral Posterior and Lateral Ponticles Resulting In the Formation of Vertebral Artery Canal for the Atlas: Case Report

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Vertebral artery variations revised: origin, course, branches and embryonic development

Vertebral artery variations revised: origin, course, branches and embryonic development

An anatomical study of arcuate foramen and its clinical implications: a case report

Simultaneous lateral ponticle with facet-like depression and epitransverse process of the atlas

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