Bile Acids in Radiation-Induced Diarrhea

Arlow, Freda L.; Dekovich, Alexander A.; Priest, Robert J.; Beher, William T.

doi:10.1097/00007611-198710000-00015

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These studies reported the whole body retention values used to assess the presence and/or severity of BAM; however, the cut‐off value defined as ‘abnormal’ varied between studies (range: <8% to <15%). Other methods of diagnosis included a therapeutic trial of colestyramine, measurement of faecal bile acids and the measurement of serum 7αC4 . In one study, a diagnosis of BAM was confirmed, but the method of diagnosis was not stated…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review: the management of chronic diarrhoea due to bile acid malabsorption

Wilcox

Turner

Green

2014

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

118

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review: the management of chronic diarrhoea due to bile acid malabsorption

Wilcox

Turner

Green

2014

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

118

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Direct measurement of fecal bile acids in the stool of patients with chronic radiation-related diarrhea revealed elevated total fecal bile acids in about two thirds. Treatment with cholestyramine then resolved the diarrhea very quickly [33]. A recent series examined 178 consecutive radiation-treated patients with gynecologic malignancy of which 13% had significant diarrhea.…”

Section: Radiation Enteritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile Acid Diarrhea

Potter

1998

Dig Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bile acids normally undergo enterohepatic circulation. When this circulation is interrupted, bile acids enter the colon in increased concentrations. Here, they produce Cl^– secretion by a calcium- and cyclic AMP-dependent mechanism, resulting in diarrhea. Cholestasis may lead to serum bile acid concentrations high enough to produce colonic secretion by serosal surface effects. When resection or disease interferes with ileal function, the resulting diarrhea can be clearly attributed to bile acid malabsorption. In other states, such as postcholecystectomy diarrhea and idiopathic bile acid diarrhea, the role of bile acids is less well defined. 23-⁷⁵Selena-25-homotaurocholic acid provides a way of tracing the metabolism of bile acids and their enterohepatic circulation in vivo. Metabolized similarly to natural bile acids, its circulation is easily traced by scintigraphy. Barium x-rays, serum concentrations of bile acids or bile acid intermediates, and tests of vitamin B₁₂ absorption provide indirect measures of ileal function. Careful history and examination combined with one of many the available tests of ileal function allow a diagnosis. A therapeutic trial with a bile acid binding resin confirms the impression and treats the diarrhea.

show abstract

“…At least 50% of patients will develop bile salt malabsorption (2) and/or carbohydrate malabsorption (3). In gastrointestinal system, ionizing radiation causes a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis in the small intestinal crypts within hours of exposure (4-6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Class of Molecular Targeted Radioprotectors: GSK-3β Inhibitors

Thotala

Geng

Dickey

et al. 2010

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose-Development of new treatments is critical to effective protection against radiationinduced injury. Here we investigate the potential of developing small molecule inhibitors of GSK-3β, SB216763 or SB415286, as radioprotective agents to attenuate intestinal injury.Methods and Materials-Survival study was done using C57/BL6 mice to evaluate radioprotective effect of GSK-3β inhibitors. TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical staining for Bax and Bcl-2 were used to assess apoptosis in small intestines of the treated mice. Clonogenic survival study, apoptosis assays (staining with Annexin V or DAPI), and immunoblot analysis of β-catenin, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were done using IEC-6 cells.Results-Pretreatment with SB415286 significantly improved survival of mice irradiated with 8 and 12 Gy. Mice pretreated with SB216763 or SB415286 showed significant reduction in TUNELand Bax-positive and an increase in Bcl-2-positive cells in intestinal crypts at 4 and/or 12 h after radiation with 4 and/or 8 Gy compared to radiation alone. Pretreatment of irradiated IEC-6 cells with GSK-3β inhibitors significantly increased clonogenic survival compared to cells treated with radiation alone. This increase was due to the attenuation of radiation-induced apoptosis, as demonstrated by Annexin V and DAPI assays, and immunoblot analysis of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3. Conflict of interest notification: NonePublisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusion-GSK-3β small molecule inhibitors protect mouse intestines from radiation-induced damage in cell culture and in vivo and improve survival of mice. Molecular mechanisms of this protection involve attenuated radiation-induced apoptosis regulated by Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3. Therefore, GSK-3β inhibitors reduce deleterious consequences of intestinal irradiation and thereby improve quality of life during radiation therapy. NIH Public Access

show abstract

Bile Acids in Radiation-Induced Diarrhea

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Systematic review: the management of chronic diarrhoea due to bile acid malabsorption

Systematic review: the management of chronic diarrhoea due to bile acid malabsorption

Bile Acid Diarrhea

A New Class of Molecular Targeted Radioprotectors: GSK-3β Inhibitors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About