Bile acids in regulation of intestinal physiology

Keating, Niamh; Keely, Stephen J.

doi:10.1007/s11894-009-0057-8

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A third area not discussed is the role of bile acids in colonic secretion ( 447,448 ) and absorption ( 449 ), as well as recent work suggesting that bile acid activation of TGR5 is essential for normal defecation, at least in the mouse ( 70 ). Details of the biochemical mechanism(s) for bile acid-induced intestinal secretion are being elucidated by several laboratories, among these being that of Stephen Keely in Dublin ( 448 ), and that of Mrinalini Rao in Chicago ( 450 ).…”

Section: Topical Dissolution With Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the biochemical mechanism(s) for bile acid-induced intestinal secretion are being elucidated by several laboratories, among these being that of Stephen Keely in Dublin ( 448 ), and that of Mrinalini Rao in Chicago ( 450 ). Bile acid malabsorption causes diarrhea, and this can be treated by sequestrant administration ( 451,452 ).…”

Section: Topical Dissolution With Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Key discoveries in bile acid chemistry and biology and their clinical applications: history of the last eight decades

Hofmann

Hagey

2014

Journal of Lipid Research

303

284

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conceptions are rare, and provocative judgments stand the test of time. Let us also hope that this effort will be both useful and entertaining. Each of the topics discussed merits at least a full length article, so there will be, of necessity in many instances, consideration of only what we perceive to be the highlights. THE EBB AND FLOW OF MEDICAL INTEREST IN BILE ACIDSAfter the elucidation of the true chemical structure of bile acids in 1932 (see below), there was little interest in bile acids in the Western world. One exception to this statement was the laboratory of Siegfried Thannhauser, who wrote the fi rst textbook of metabolic biochemistry in Germany. He studied cholesterol and bile acid balance in the biliary fi stula dog ( 1 ). During this time, bile acids were sold as liver tonics and laxatives, but there were no placebo-controlled studies showing effi cacy. Indeed, bile acids were considered by the medical profession to have no useful therapeutic properties. The tri-oxo derivative of cholic acid (called "dehydrocholic acid") was known to induce bile fl ow in animals ( 2 ), and was occasionally used to stimulate bile fl ow in patients; but again there were no controlled studies showing effi cacy in hepatobiliary disease.

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Section: Topical Dissolution With Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Topical Dissolution With Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key discoveries in bile acid chemistry and biology and their clinical applications: history of the last eight decades

Hofmann

Hagey

2014

Journal of Lipid Research

303

284

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Bile acids are also important regulators of intestinal fluid and electrolyte transport 13. In conditions associated with bile acid malabsorption, their delivery to the colon at high concentrations induces fluid and electrolyte secretion,14 thereby causing diarrhoea 15 16.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farnesoid X receptor agonists attenuate colonic epithelial secretory function and prevent experimental diarrhoea in vivo

Mroz

Keating

Ward

et al. 2013

Gut

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“…Some researches had proved a substantial growth in circulating total bile acids, in which nuclear receptor farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR), functioning as a signaling molecule, exhibited an increase in its signaling pathway following VSG [7][8][9] . Moreover, the signaling pathway of FXR serves as a very imperative role in energy metabolism and improvement of insulin resistance [10][11][12] . Therefore, bile acids metabolism is closely related to weight loss of VSG [3] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

IFN-γ secretion in gut of Ob/Ob mice after vertical sleeve gastrectomy and its function in weight loss mechanism

Hao

Wang

et al. 2016

J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. [Med. Sci.]

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Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is becoming more and more popular among the world. Despite its dramatic efficacy, however, the mechanism of VSG remains largely undetermined. This study aimed to test interferon (IFN)-γ secretion n of mesenteric lymph nodes in obese mice (ob/ob mice), a model of VSG, and its relationship with farnesoid X receptor (FXR) expression in the liver and small intestine, and to investigate the weight loss mechanism of VSG. The wild type (WT) mice and ob/ob mice were divided into four groups: A (WT+Sham), B (WT+VSG), C (ob/ob+Sham), and D (ob/ob+VSG). Body weight values were monitored. The IFN-γ expression in mesenteric lymph nodes of ob/ob mice pre- and post-operation was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The FXR expression in the liver and small intestine was detected by Western blotting. The mouse AML-12 liver cells were stimulated with IFN-γ at different concentrations in vitro. The changes of FXR expression were also examined. The results showed that the body weight of ob/ob mice was significantly declined from (40.6±2.7) g to (27.5±3.8) g on the 30th day after VSG (P<0.05). At the same time, VSG induced a higher level secretion of IFN-γ in mesenteric lymph nodes of ob/ob mice than that pre-operation (P<0.05). The FXR expression levels in the liver and small intestine after VSG were respectively 0.97±0.07 and 0.84±0.07 fold of GAPDH, which were significantly higher than pre-operative levels of 0.50±0.06 and 0.48±0.06 respectively (P<0.05). After the stimulation of AML-12 liver cells in vitro by different concentrations of IFN-γ (0, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL), the relative FXR expression levels were 0.22±0.04, 0.31±0.04, 0.39±0.05, 0.38±0.05, 0.56±0.06, and 0.35±0.05, respectively, suggesting IFN-γ could distinctly promote the FXR expression in a dose-dependent manner in comparison to those cells without IFN-γ stimulation (P<0.05). It was concluded that VSG induces a weight loss in ob/ob mice by increasing IFN-γ secretion of mesenteric lymph nodes, which then increases the FXR expression of the liver and small intestine.

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Bile acids in regulation of intestinal physiology

Cited by 46 publications

References 48 publications

Key discoveries in bile acid chemistry and biology and their clinical applications: history of the last eight decades

Key discoveries in bile acid chemistry and biology and their clinical applications: history of the last eight decades

Farnesoid X receptor agonists attenuate colonic epithelial secretory function and prevent experimental diarrhoea in vivo

IFN-γ secretion in gut of Ob/Ob mice after vertical sleeve gastrectomy and its function in weight loss mechanism

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