Bile Salt Metabolism in Infants and Children after Protracted Infantile Diarrhea

Heubi, James E.; Balistreri, William F.

doi:10.1203/00006450-198008000-00010

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Serum levels were generally higher in our study compared to those reported by Balistreri et al [28] and Heubi and Balistreri [29]. This difference might be due to the methodology since our radioimmunoassay showed full cross-reac tivity for glycine and taurine conjugates and the unconjugated BA, thus revealing the to tal BA levels of S-C and S-CDC, respective ly.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Serum Bile Acids in Relation to Disease Activity and Intake of Dietary Fibers in Juvenile Ulcerative Colitis

Ejderhamn

Strandvik

1991

Digestion

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Serum concentrations of primary bile acids were determined at different disease activities in juvenile ulcerative colitis and in healthy age-matched controls. In patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical remission, serum levels of bile acids were also studied after long-term intake (6 months) of dietary fibers (wheat fiber and ispaghula, respectively) in a double-blind randomized cross-over study. Blood samples were taken in the morning after an overnight fasting and for 4 h postprandially after a standardized test meal. Determinations of bile acids were made by radioimmunoassays. Patients with total colitis in the active phase had significantly higher serum levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids 4 h postprandially compared with control children. After long-term intake of ispaghula, significantly higher (although not different from controls) serum levels of cholic acid were found 2 and 3 h postprandially, whereas wheat fibers did not affect serum bile acid concentrations. These results may suggest an increased absorption of unconjugated bile acids in the diseased colon and a minimal influence of dietary fibers on serum bile acid concentrations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Serum Bile Acids in Relation to Disease Activity and Intake of Dietary Fibers in Juvenile Ulcerative Colitis

Ejderhamn

Strandvik

1991

Digestion

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“…Similar to earlier reports, the serum BA values in our series of controls did not return to fasting levels within 180 min (22,23), but the mean levels of each BA at 60 min postprandially were higher in the children (older than 3 years) than in infants. The results probably reflect developmental changes during infancy and childhood in biliary and intestinal transport processes of BAs (9,24). The serum levels were generally higher in our study compared with those reported by Balistreri et al (22,24).…”

Section: Celiac Diseasesupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The results probably reflect developmental changes during infancy and childhood in biliary and intestinal transport processes of BAs (9,24). The serum levels were generally higher in our study compared with those reported by Balistreri et al (22,24). This difference might be due to methodology since our radioimmunoassay showed full cross-reactivity for glycine and taurine conjugates as well as for the relevant unconjugated BAs and thus revealed the total levels of C Pat.…”

Section: Celiac Diseasesupporting

confidence: 52%

Serum Primary Bile Acids in the Course of Celiac Disease in Children

Ejderhamn,

Samuelson,

Strandvik

1992

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Scrum concentrations of primary bile acids (BAs) were determined in the course of celiac disease and in healthy age‐matched controls. Determinations of BAs were made by radioimmunoassays after an overnight fasting and for 4 h postprandially after intake of a standardized test meal. In untreated celiac disease presenting with subtotal villous atrophy, peak concentrations of primary BAs were significantly delayed and serum levels were significantly higher than in controls. Small but significant abnormalities persisted after a period of gluten‐free diet despite a normalization of mucosal morphology. Slightly pathological standard liver function tests in five patients were related to increased fasting levels but not to the postprandial pattern of BAs, indicating that the observed abnormalities postprandially were not related to liver disease. Further studies simultaneously focusing on deconjugation mechanisms, absorption, and pool sizes of BAs are required to explain the postprandial BA pattern under the course of celiac disease.

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“…However, the agerelated loss of susceptibility of rotavirus diarrhea is not yet well explained. Since the size of bile acid pools increases with body size and age in infants and young children (22,23), we speculate that bile acids contribute to age-dependent diarrhea by rotavirus infection: in older children and adults, larger amounts of bile acids may limit virus replication, leading to decreased susceptibility of rotavirus-induced diarrhea. Nonetheless, our results suggest that FXR agonists, including bile acids, may be a valuable treatment option and that the FXR pathway may represent a potential therapeutic target for rotavirus infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Bile Acids and Synthetic Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists on Rotavirus Replication

Kim

Chang

2011

J Virol

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Rotaviruses (group A rotaviruses) are the most important cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and children worldwide. Currently, an antiviral drug is not available and information on therapeutic targets for antiviral development is limited for rotavirus infection. Previously, it was shown that lipid homeostasis is important in rotavirus replication. Since farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and its natural ligands bile acids (such as chenodeoxycholic acid [CDCA]) play major roles in cholesterol and lipid homeostasis, we examined the effects of bile acids and synthetic FXR agonists on rotavirus replication in association with cellular lipid levels. In a mouse model of rotavirus infection, effects of oral administration of CDCA on fecal rotavirus shedding were investigated. The results demonstrate the following. First, the intracellular contents of triglycerides were significantly increased by rotavirus infection. Second, CDCA, deoxycholic acid (DCA), and other synthetic FXR agonists, such as GW4064, significantly reduced rotavirus replication in cell culture in a dose-dependent manner. The reduction of virus replication correlated positively with activation of the FXR pathway and reduction of cellular triglyceride contents (r 2 ‫؍‬ 0.95). Third, oral administration of CDCA significantly reduced fecal virus shedding in mice (P < 0.05). We conclude that bile acids and FXR agonists play important roles in the suppression of rotavirus replication. The inhibition mechanism is proposed to be the downregulation of lipid synthesis induced by rotavirus infection.

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Bile Salt Metabolism in Infants and Children after Protracted Infantile Diarrhea

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Serum Bile Acids in Relation to Disease Activity and Intake of Dietary Fibers in Juvenile Ulcerative Colitis

Serum Bile Acids in Relation to Disease Activity and Intake of Dietary Fibers in Juvenile Ulcerative Colitis

Serum Primary Bile Acids in the Course of Celiac Disease in Children

Inhibitory Effects of Bile Acids and Synthetic Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists on Rotavirus Replication

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