BIM-oriented indoor network model for indoor and outdoor combined route planning

A Critical Review of the Integration of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling at the Data Level

“…The selection of a format for GIS that is not useful for analysis is somewhat unusual but understandable. Despite that aspect, CityGML is thought to be an appropriate format for integration of BIM with GIS [30,31,46,49]; it is actually a standard initiated by organizations in the AEC domain, such as Autodesk, Inc. and Bentley Systems, Inc. Their first concern is information exchange, rather than the further data analysis. Usually, the information in CityGML has to be transformed into another form again before it could be used in spatial analysis.…”

“…By far, the best practice for making 3D models for GIS is still using CAD or BIM software, such as Revit and SketchUp. The detailed 3D models created in BIM could not only help GIS extend its scope by applying spatial analysis at a finer scale, for example, using building models to establish indoor networks for emergency response [30], extending noise assessment from regional-level to room-level [31], and evaluating the influence of flood at building level [32], but also better serve the needs of emerging studies on smart cities and finer grained natural hazard impact assessments [33], as well as widening its application in the AEC/FM domain, such as constructing high energy efficiency buildings [34] and minimizing construction waste [35]. The most important contribution of BIM to GIS would be providing detailed 3D building models, as well as their rich building information.…”

Bim-Based Indoor Path Planning Considering Obstacles

“…Due to its rich semantics, IFC is widely used as the source data for indoor space model (Taneja et al, 2011;Isikdag et al,2013;Boysen et al, 2014). Teo and Cho(2016) also consider IFC, from which useful information is integrated into their models to allow indoor and outdoor path planning applying Entrnce2Street strategy. Hamieh (2017) proposes to use the BIM model for indoor path planning, in which the paths within the spaces are possibly refined, depending on their contents, such as moving objects or real-time spatial state.…”

“…BIM and CityGML LoD4 are investigated for path planning. Extraction of building geometric information have been completed in most studies, but some properties of entities and the semantic information between them have been lost, which are critical in the navigation (Teo and Cho, 2016;Hamieh, 2017;Brown, 2013). Research have already shown that semantic, topology and other information helps improve the accuracy of navigation.…”

“…CityGML LoD4 also contains a lot of indoor geometry and semantic information, but the indoor information is limited compared to IFC (Wei, 2016). The navigation path can be made more rational and user-adaptable based on IFC (Teo and Cho, 2016;Hamieh, 2017). Therefore, we concentrate on 3D indoor path planning based on IFC which takes into account obstacles.…”