Bimetallic metal–organic frameworks-based ratiometric fluorescence sensor for the quantitative detection of thiram in fruits samples

A Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensor for Penicillin G Based on Color-Tunable Gold–Silver Nanoclusters

“…Various methods, including high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, have been developed for the detection of penicillin G − as well as immunoassay methods. , However, these methods are very complicated, expensive, and time-consuming . Meanwhile, ratiometric fluorescence sensing, which is based on measuring the relative fluorescence intensities ratio at two emission wavelengths, is being increasingly applied for the analysis of the natural environment and living systems. − In particular, precious-metal fluorescent nanoclusters have received extensive research attention as ratiometric fluorescence sensors in the past few years due to their excellent optical properties and biocompatibility. − In contrast to single-signal detection, this method has built-in corrections for fluctuations in instrument operation, interference from the sample matrix, variations in the microenvironment around the probe, and changes in the concentration of the probe . Recently, biomass-derived materials have been used as protective and reducing agents for the design of nanomaterials with special optical properties, more biocompatibility, and less environmental influence. − For instance, 6-aza-2-thiothymine (ATT) containing both amino and imino groups endows the corresponding nanoclusters with good biocompatibility .…”