Bimetallic Pt–Au nanocatalysts decorated In2O3 nests composed of ultrathin nanosheets for Type 1 diabetes diagnosis

Zhou

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

The review aimed to investigate the accuracy of breath tests in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, identify exhaled volatile organic compounds with the most evidence as potential biomarkers, and summarize prospects and challenges in diabetic breath tests. Databases including Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Science Citation Index Expanded were searched. Human studies describing diabetic breath analysis with more than 10 subjects as controls and patients were included. Population demographics, breath test conditions, biomarkers, analytical techniques and diagnostic accuracy were extracted. Quality assessment was performed with the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy and a modified QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2). Forty-four research with 2699 patients with diabetes were included for qualitative data analysis and 14 eligible studies were used for meta-analysis. Pooled analysis of type 2 diabetes breath test exhibited sensitivity of 91.8% (95% CI 83.6% to 96.1%), specificity of 92.1% (95% CI 88.4% to 94.7%) and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.96 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.97). Isotopic carbon dioxide (CO2) showed the best diagnostic accuracy with pooled sensitivity of 0.949 (95% CI 0.870 to 0.981), specificity of 0.946 (95% CI 0.891 to 0.975) and AUC of 0.98 (95% CI 0.97 to 0.99). As the most widely reported biomarker, acetone showed moderate diagnostic accuracy with pooled sensitivity of 0.638 (95% CI 0.511 to 0.748), specificity of 0.801 (95% CI 0.691 to 0.878) and AUC of 0.79 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.82). Our results indicate that breath test is a promising approach with acceptable diagnostic accuracy for diabetes mellitus and isotopic CO2 is the optimal breath biomarker. Even so, further validation and standardization in subject control, breath sampling and analysis are still required.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of breath test for diabetes mellitus diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhou

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

“…In addition, the synergistic effect means that a bimetallic catalyst is a preferable option. In the past years, bimetallic catalyst systems which have been frequently investigated are Au-Pt [133,134,135], Pt-Pd [136,137,138,139,140], Au-Pd [141,142], Au-Ag [143], etc. Kim et al [144] have reported an acetone gas sensor with excellent sensitive performances.…”

Section: Decorating With Noble Metal Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to Enhancing Gas Sensing Properties: A Review

Yuan

Meng

et al. 2019

Sensors

114

A gas nanosensor is an instrument that converts the information of an unknown gas (species, concentration, etc.) into other signals (for example, an electrical signal) according to certain principles, combining detection principles, material science, and processing technology. As an effective application for detecting a large number of dangerous gases, gas nanosensors have attracted extensive interest. However, their development and application are restricted because of issues such as a low response, poor selectivity, and high operation temperature, etc. To tackle these issues, various measures have been studied and will be introduced in this review, mainly including controlling the nanostructure, doping with 2D nanomaterials, decorating with noble metal nanoparticles, and forming the heterojunction. In every section, recent advances and typical research, as well mechanisms, will also be demonstrated.

“…The use of bimetallic nanoparticles in order to sensitize semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors has attracted more and more attention lately [13]. Particularly gold-containing nanoparticles with Pt-group metals have been reported to provide profound improvements in certain gases detection [14,15,16,17,18]. In the limited number of papers the observed effect has been suggested to arise from combination of catalytic and electronic sensibilization effects on the metal oxide surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of AuPd Bimetal Sensitization on Gas Sensing Performance of Nanocrystalline SnO2 Obtained by Single Step Flame Spray Pyrolysis

et al. 2019

Improvement of sensitivity, lower detection limits, stability and reproducibility of semiconductor metal oxide gas sensor characteristics are required for their application in the fields of ecological monitoring, industrial safety, public security, express medical diagnostics, etc. Facile and scalable single step flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) synthesis of bimetal AuPd sensitized nanocrystalline SnO2 is reported. The materials chemical composition, structure and morphology has been studied by XRD, XPS, HAADFSTEM, BET, ICP-MS techniques. Thermo-programmed reduction with hydrogen (TPR-H2) has been used for materials chemical reactivity characterization. Superior gas sensor response of bimetallic modified SnO2 towards wide concentration range of reducing (CO, CH4, C3H8, H2S, NH3) and oxidizing (NO2) gases compared to pure and monometallic modified SnO2 is reported for dry and humid gas detection conditions. The combination of facilitated oxygen molecule spillover on gold particles and electronic effect of Fermi level control by reoxidizing Pd-PdO clusters on SnO2 surface is proposed to give rise to the observed enhanced gas sensor performance.