Bimodal effects of sunlight on major depressive disorder

Son, Jungmin; Shin, Jinhee

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152232

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One study showed that depression patients who lived in rooms with east-facing windows or equivalent had hospital stays about 4 days shorter than those who lived with west-facing rooms without direct outdoor light [ 9 ]. However, another cross-sectional study suggested that outdoor light may have a bimodal impact on the risk of depression such that short-term exposure to outdoor light may increase the risk of depression but long-term exposure may decrease it [ 10 ]. In our study, we found that longer and shorter times spent in outdoor light were both associated with an increased risk of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several sensitive analyses were carried out: (1) excluding missing values of covariates; (2) excluding individuals who suffered from incident depression in the first 2-year duration follow-up to eliminate the effect of potential reverse causality; (3) excluding individuals whose average time spent in outdoor light were over twofold of standard deviation; (4) further adjusting for antidepressant use; (5) we conducted stratified analysis by using the sun/UV protection to investigate the association between time spent in outdoor light and depression risk; (6) to examine if the relationship between time spent in outdoor light and depression risk was different depending on the use of vitamin D supplements, we conducted a stratified analysis based on the individuals who used or did not use vitamin D supplements; (7) further adjusting for UK Biobank assessment centers; (8) further adjusting for employment (working, retired, unemployment, other); (9) further adjusting for the living environment (urban or rural areas); (10) individuals with less than 1 h of outdoor light in winter were divided into a separate group; (11) including participants spent extreme hours in outdoor light.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several previous studies have suggested a negative association between outdoor light and depression, indicating a short time spent in outdoor light could be related to an elevated risk of depression [ 8 , 9 ]. A previous cross-sectional study from Korea reported a bimodal effect of outdoor light on depression [ 10 ]. Sufficient outdoor light decreases cortisol concentrations, which accelerates the synthesis of vitamin D [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of time spent in outdoor light and genetic risk with the incidence of depression

et al. 2023

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Depression is the consequence of both environment and genes working together. Genetic factors increase depression risk, but it is unclear whether this association can be offset by time spent in outdoor light. The study was undertaken to investigate the optimal time spent in outdoor light for lowering the risk of depression and the joint association of time spent in outdoor light and depression genetic risk. In UK Biobank, 380,976 depression-free individuals were included in this study. Polygenic risk score (PRS) was categorized into three groups in terms of tertiles. Time spent in outdoor light on a typical day in summer or winter originated from the questionnaire survey. Depression was defined as hospital admission. The potential dose-response relationship between time spent in outdoor light and depression risk was shown by a restricted cubic spline. Data were analyzed using Cox regressions and Laplace regression. After the median follow-up of 12.6 years, 13,636 individuals suffered from depression in the end. A nonlinear (J-shaped relationship) trend was observed between time spent in outdoor light and depression risk. On average, 1.5 h/day of outdoor light was related to the minimum risk of depression. Individuals below and above this optimal time both had elevated depression risk (below, HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.16; above, HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07–1.20), and the time to incident depression were both shortened by 0.46 years (50th percentile differences [PD] = −0.46, 95% CI: −0.78, −0.14) and 0.63 years (50th PD = −0.63, 95% CI: −0.90, −0.35) years, respectively. In a comparison of individuals with the lowest tertile of PRS and average 1.5 h/day outdoor light, the HRs and 95% CIs of depression were 1.36 (1.21–1.53) and 1.43 (1.29–1.58) in those with the highest tertile of PRS and below/above this reference value, respectively. Significant multiplicative interactions were observed between intermediate genetic risks and longer time spent in outdoor light. We found that an average of 1.5 h/day spent in outdoor light was associated with a lower depression risk whatever the degree of depression genetic predisposition. Moderate time spent in outdoor light may contribute to a decreased depression risk even among people with a higher genetic risk of depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of time spent in outdoor light and genetic risk with the incidence of depression

et al. 2023

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“…The sources of stress for young people come from (1) deprivation from sunlight by staying indoors, [8] (2) adapting to online learning situations, and [9] (3) changes in social interactions most importantly with peers. [10] www.gjmpbu.org…”

Section: Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas for a child of 12, 2 years are 16% of the total life lived. Although it is easier to adapt to changes when you are young, it also means their coping skills have not fully developed.The sources of stress for young people come from (1) deprivation from sunlight by staying indoors, [8] (2) adapting to online learning situations, and [9] (3) changes in social interactions most importantly with peers. [10] www.gjmpbu.org…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid and Mental Health-The Pandemic Scenario of Mental Health and Illness: With Special Mention to Young Adults

Jos

Fenn

George³

2021

GJMPBU

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus. [1] According to the proceedings of the eighth meeting (held July 14, 2021) of the Emergency Committee assembled by the Director-General (WHO) under the International Health Regulations ( 2005) regarding the COVID-19; COVID-19 holds its status of a pandemic: A pandemic that demands a lot from the man-kind, predominantly at health, economic, and social front. [2] As on July 23, 2021, globally the number of confirmed cases has risen to 192,284,207. [3] In addition to medication and vaccination, community prevention strategies -such as maintaining home quarantine, social distancing, restricting travel, closing down the schools and nonessential services, cancelling events, and enhancing tele-communication -are widely prevailing in this Pandemic season. [4] Thus fear, self-isolation and physical distancing associated with the pandemic has exacerbated the adverse effects on mental health of persons in general and individuals with mental disorders. [5] Research into the mental health implications of COVID-19 provide us with mixed results, ranging from predictions of a Tsunami of mental disorders [6] to relative stability. However, there is no doubt that over the past two years much has changed in the world. Perhaps what is most remarkable is a change brought about by Social Distancing. While a few people did try to point out that what was advocated was not Social Distancing but physical distancing, we seem to have adopted the term Social Distancing. Although different countries practiced it for different periods, almost all had some experience of Social Distancing. Face-masks exacerbate the problem, because they make it hard to recognize a person, but more importantly it makes it difficult to read emotional cues.Like people slowly venturing out after a night of heaving bombing, we are only beginning to take stock of the economic and social impact of COVID-19. There are those who believe that life will go back to the way it was in a short time and there are others who believe that our world has changed forever. [7] For those who have lived 40 years, 2 years only represent 5% of life that too after their identity has clearly taken shape. Whereas for a child of 12, 2 years are 16% of the total life lived. Although it is easier to adapt to changes when you are young, it also means their coping skills have not fully developed.The sources of stress for young people come from (1) deprivation from sunlight by staying indoors, [8] (2) adapting to online learning situations, and [9] (3) changes in social interactions most importantly with peers. [10] www.gjmpbu.org

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Identification of Economic Factors for Mass Depression Based on Panel Study and Machine Learning

Pravolamskaya,

Chen,

Wang

2024

Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

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Bimodal effects of sunlight on major depressive disorder

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Association of time spent in outdoor light and genetic risk with the incidence of depression

Association of time spent in outdoor light and genetic risk with the incidence of depression

Covid and Mental Health-The Pandemic Scenario of Mental Health and Illness: With Special Mention to Young Adults

Identification of Economic Factors for Mass Depression Based on Panel Study and Machine Learning

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