Bimodal nanoporous platinum on sacrificial nanoporous copper for catalysis of the oxygen-reduction reaction

Abstract

Abstract

Oxygen reduction on bimodal nanoporous palladium–copper catalyst synthesized using sacrificial nanoporous copper

“…The absence of copper peaks in the XRD pattern even before dissolution of copper suggested that a considerable amount of copper was removed at the stage of the displacement deposition of palladium. Comparison of the present Cu/Pd composition ratio with the case of Cu/Pt [23] also suggested the removal of copper during the displacement deposition of palladium. The broad peaks for palladium were detected whereas no copper was detected by XRD after dissolution by HNO 3 .…”

“…[32] However, it has been reported that both lattice contraction [35][36][37] and expansion [27] in palladium catalysts enhances the overall catalytic performance for ORR. XRD analyses revealed that the apparent lattice constants of palladium in BNP-PdCu are close to those for bulk palladium (Table I), which is in contrast with the case of BNP-Pt [23] . However, HR-TEM of BNP-PdCu showed significant local lattice contraction at ligament surfaces, as exemplified in Fig.…”

“…An inspection of the XRD patterns showed no significant peak shift of Pd (Table I), compared with the case of Cu/Pt. [23] CV curves for BNP-PdCu before and after copper dissolution ( Fig. 4(a)) were typical for palladium [24][25][26] with peaks for oxygen desorption.…”

Diverse Hierarchical Meso/Nanoporous Pt Film Electrocatalysts Prepared via Hydrogen Adsorption-Assisted Dynamic Soft Templating

“…The significance of Pt-based (electro)catalysts in the realm of catalytic science is indisputable. Pt-based materials are highly effective electrocatalysts for diverse types of electrochemical reactions, including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), − hydrogen peroxide oxidation, − hydrogen oxidation reaction, , hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), − carbon dioxide reduction, , and alcohol oxidation reaction. − A wide range of technologies have been developed using different electrocatalytic reactions, such as gas sensors, − enzymatic biosensors, , and fuel cells. − Direct methanol fuel cells are a particularly noteworthy development, as they show potential as portable power devices. , Nevertheless, the Pt electrocatalyst still lacks the ability to oxidize the methanol molecules with a sufficient reaction rate for prolonged operation. Therefore, there is a substantial need to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of Pt in practical applications.…”

Nanostructured transition-metal phthalocyanine complexes for catalytic oxygen reduction reaction

“…Noble-metal catalysts, such as platinum-based ones, are widely used due to their high activity in the ORR. However, low platinum metal reserves and very high cost restrict the large-scale use of noble-metal catalysts in fuel cells [12][13][14][15][16].…”