Bimodal size distribution of C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>4</sub> dicarboxylic acids in the marine aerosols

Mochida, Michihiro; Umemoto, Nobuhiko; Kawamura, Kimitaka; Uematsu, Mitsuo

doi:10.1029/2003gl017451

Cited by 70 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…particles which acted as cloud condensation nuclei and, thus, were processed by clouds. Similar observations were made by Mochida et al (2003a) showing bimodal mass distributions for both C 2 -C 4 dicarboxylic acids and sulphate, respectively. The modification of the larger size aerosol mode was ascribed to mass addition in clouds.…”

Section: Chemical Interactions With Clouds -Cloud Processingsupporting

confidence: 71%

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The present paper reviews existing knowledge with regard to Organic Aerosol (OA) of importance for global climate modelling and defines critical gaps needed to reduce the involved uncertainties. All pieces required for the representation of OA in a global climate model are sketched out with special attention to Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA): The emission estimates of primary carbonaceous particles and SOA precursor gases are summarized. The up-to-date understanding of the chemical formation and transformation of condensable organic material is outlined. Knowledge on the hygroscopicity of OA and measurements of optical properties of the organic aerosol constituents are summarized. The mechanisms of interactions of OA with clouds and dry and wet removal processes parameterisations in global models are outlined. This information is synthesized to provide a continuous analysis of the flow from the emitted material to the atmosphere up to the point of the climate impact of the produced organic aerosol. The sources of uncertainties at each step of this process are highlighted as areas that require further studies.

show abstract

Section: Chemical Interactions With Clouds -Cloud Processingsupporting

confidence: 71%

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Longer-chain dicarboxylic acids such as malonic and succinic acids produce oxalic acid via photooxidation reactions (Kawamura and Sakaguchi, 1999), and it is noted that succinate also exhibits a secondary peak in the 1.0 mm stage (in addition to a peak in the 0.32 mm stage). The oxalate mass size distribution is peculiar as it does not coincide with two previously documented modes: (i) it usually coincides with sulfate and its chief aqueous-phase precursor, glyoxylate (both of which have peaks in the 0.32 mm stage) (Sorooshian et al, 2007); and (ii) it also coincides with sea salt and other coarse crustal particle types due to partitioning to these surfaces and/or heterogeneous reactions during transport (Mochida et al, 2003). The observed oxalate mass size distribution might be explained by some combination of sources and pathways that produced malonate and nitrate, which also peak in the 1.0 mm stage, or by sinks such as iron-complexation effects, which have been documented in the regional cloud water (Sorooshian et al, 2013) and laboratory experiments of aqueous phase aerosol (Pavuluri and Kawamura, 2012, and references therein).…”

Section: Moudi Non-fire Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of wildfires on size-resolved aerosol composition at a coastal California site

Maudlin

Wang

Jonsson

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Environment

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Species other than K are more reliable biomass burning tracers in region. Sulfate and nitrate peak concentrations shift to larger sizes in wildfire periods. Chloride depletion due to high levels of acidic species during wildfire periods. Soil species levels (e.g., Si, Fe, V) were enhanced during wildfires. CCN composition is dominated by ammonium during wildfire periods. Size-resolved aerosol composition measurements were conducted at a coastal site in central California during the Nucleation in California Experiment (NiCE) between July and August of 2013. The site is just east of ship and marine emission sources and is also influenced by continental pollution and wildfires, such as those near the CaliforniaeOregon border which occurred near the end of NiCE. Two micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDIs) were used, and water-soluble and elemental compositions were measured. The five most abundant water-soluble species (in decreasing order) were chloride, sodium, non-sea salt (nss) sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate. During wildfire periods, nss K mass concentrations were not enhanced as strongly as other species in the sub-micrometer stages and even decreased in the super-micrometer stages; species other than nss K are more reliable tracers for biomass burning in this region. Chloride levels were reduced in the fire sets likely due to chloride depletion by inorganic and organic acids that exhibited elevated levels in transported plumes. During wildfire periods, the mass size distribution of most dicarboxylic acids changed from unimodal to bimodal with peaks in the 0.32 mm and 1.0e1.8 mm stages. Furthermore, sulfate's peak concentration shifted from the 0.32 mm to 0.56 mm stage, and nitrate also shifted to larger sizes (1.0 mm to 1.8e3.2 mm stages). Mass concentrations of numerous soil tracer species (e.g., Si, Fe) were strongly enhanced in samples influenced by wildfires, especially in the sub-micrometer range. Airborne cloud water data confirm that soil species were associated with fire plumes transported south along the coast. In the absence of biomass burning, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) composition is dominated by nss sulfate and ammonium, and the water-soluble organic fraction is dominated by methanesulfonate, whereas for the samples influenced by wildfires, ammonium becomes the dominant overall species, and oxalate is the most abundant organic species. a r t i c l e i n f o

show abstract

“…Selective mixing is confirmed by the observation that hydrocarbons are rather associated with soot, whereas oxidized organics with sulfate particles (Lee et al, 2003). Mochida et al (2003) have studied the size distributions of C 2 -C 4 dicarboxylic acids in aerosols in the marine boundary layer. They found that over the remote ocean these substances were relatively abundant in the supermicron particles whereas over the coastal ocean they were mostly present in submicron particles.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Internal mixing of the organic aerosol by gas phase diffusion of semivolatile organic compounds

Marcolli¹,

Luo²,

Peter³

et al. 2004

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper shows that most of the so far identified constituents of the tropospheric organic particulate matter belong to a semivolatile fraction for which gas phase diffusion in the lower troposphere is sufficiently fast to establish thermodynamic equilibrium between aerosol particles. For the first time analytical expressions for this process are derived. Inspection of vapor pressure data of a series of organic substances allows a rough estimate for which substances this mixing process must be considered. As general benchmarks we conclude that for typical aerosol radii between 0.1 and 1 µm this mixing process is efficient at 25 • C for polar species with molecular weights up to 200 and for non-polar species up to 320. At −10 • C, these values are shifted to 150 for polar and to 270 for non-polar substances. The extent of mixing of this semivolatile fraction is governed by equilibrium thermodynamics, leading to a selectively, though not completely, internally mixed aerosol. The internal mixing leads to a systematic depression of melting and deliquescence points of organic and mixed organic/inorganic aerosols, thus leading to an aerosol population in the lower troposphere which is predominantly liquid.

show abstract

Bimodal size distribution of C₂–C₄ dicarboxylic acids in the marine aerosols

Cited by 70 publications

References 18 publications

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

Impact of wildfires on size-resolved aerosol composition at a coastal California site

Internal mixing of the organic aerosol by gas phase diffusion of semivolatile organic compounds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Bimodal size distribution of C2–C4 dicarboxylic acids in the marine aerosols

Cited by 70 publications

References 18 publications

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

Impact of wildfires on size-resolved aerosol composition at a coastal California site

Internal mixing of the organic aerosol by gas phase diffusion of semivolatile organic compounds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Bimodal size distribution of C₂–C₄ dicarboxylic acids in the marine aerosols