Binary-compositional core-shell structure Ni-rich cathode material with radially oriented primary particles in shell for long cycling lifespan lithium-ion batteries

The future nickel metal supply for lithium-ion batteries

“…Currently, some novel methods are used to prepare single-crystal materials such as molten NaCl salt flux method, 61 microfluidic technology, 62 and all-dry solid-phase synthesis. 63 The concentration gradient structure and core–shell structure is to provide high capacity with nickel-rich material as the core, and ensure structural and thermal stability with nickel-short material as the shell, such as concentration gradient LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , 64 LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 core and LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 shell, 65 and LiNi 0.9 Mn 0.05 Co 0.05 O 2 core and LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 shell by a rational control of local stoichiometry. 66 Elemental doping is an effective method by introducing small amounts of foreign atoms into a crystal lattice to improve the stability of cathode materials.…”

Preparation and Performance of LiNi1–xAlxO2 Electrodes for Low-Temperature Ceramic Fuel Cells

“…In recent years, a new type of low-temperature (450–550 °C) lithium compound electrode ceramic fuel cell (LCCFC) with excellent electrochemical performance has received widespread attention. − LCCFCs usually use Ni-containing lithium ion battery cathode materials such as LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 (LNCA) and LiNi 0.83 Co 0.11 Mn 0.06 O 2 (LNCM811) as symmetrical electrodes, while some traditional solid oxide electrolyte materials such as Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2 (GDC), BaCe 0.9 Y 0.1 O 3 (BCY), and CeO 2 are used as electrolytes. − Previous studies indicated that LCCFCs prepared with electrodes such as LNCA and LNCM can achieve a maximum power density (MPD) of over 500 mW·cm –2 at 550 °C in H 2 /air fuel cell conditions, and the ionic conductivities of the electrolytes in the cells are all higher than 0.1 S·cm –1 . , Chen et al fabricated a cell with a structure of foam Ni-LNCA/GDC/LNCA-foam Ni and obtained an MPD of 592 mW·cm –2 at 550 °C . Luo et al.…”

Comparison Study of a Thermal-Driven Microstructure in a High-Ni Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Critical Calcination Temperature for Polycrystalline and Single-Crystalline Design

“…Such anisotropic lattice change induces cracks on grain boundaries to release strain energy, thereby triggering significant chemo- and mechanical degradations of secondary particles . Previous studies have devised solutions to mitigate the degradation by using protective layer coatings, − strengthening grain boundaries, − doping with heteroatoms for smoother phase transition and maintenance of mechanical integrity, − and designing the internal particle structures − to alleviate stress during electrochemical stimulations. Among them, tailoring the microstructure has become a potential solution to improve cycle stability.…”