Binary Nanoparticle Graphene Hybrid Structure-Based Highly Sensitive Biosensing Platform for Norovirus-Like Particle Detection

Abstract

Nanoparticle (NP)-decorated carbon nanotubes or graphenes (GRPs) have attracted attention because of their synergic properties such as enhanced electrical conductivity, magneto-optical effect, and plasmon resonance energy transfer. These hybrid carbon nanomaterials are widely used in sensing platforms to monitor target biomolecules, gases, and chemicals. In this study, binary nanoparticles, specifically gold (Au)/magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-decorated graphenes (GRPs), were applied in a virus-sensing platform. This hybrid material exhibited multiple functionalities, including magnetic, plasmonic, and enhanced electrical properties. The Au/MNP-GRPs were synthesized in two steps at room temperature under mild conditions and magnetically deposited on a Pt-interdigitated electrode as electrical-sensing channels. After deposition onto the electrode, the surface of Au/MNP-GRPs was conjugated with norovirus antibody to produce a norovirus-like particle (NoV-LP)-sensing platform. NoV-LPs were successfully detected by the hybrid nanomaterial-sensing platform, exhibiting high sensitivity and specificity in a concentration range from 0.01 pg to 1 ng. In this case, the limit of detection was calculated as 1.16 pg/mL. Thus, the binary nanoparticle-decorated graphene shows excellent potential as an electrical-sensing platform for biomolecules.

Functional Magnetic Graphene Composites for Biosensing

“…In addition, the chitosan could also be used as the bridge for a non-covalent combination between graphene oxides (GOs) with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles [13][14][15]. Others noncovalent bonds, including van der Waals interaction, π-π staking, electrostatic interactions and hydro bonding were also used to building MGCs [10,[16][17][18][19][20]. Normally, the energies of individual noncovalent interactions were lower than the covalent bonds.…”

“…Moreover, Jahanbani et al designed a label-free DNA electrochemical sensor based on MGCs (Fe3O4NP-RGO) and 1-pyrenebutyric acid-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (PANHS) modified electrode. [61] As shown in Figure 2 Lastly, MGCs also played an important role in electrochemical sensors of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses [20]. As shown in Figure 3, the gold/magnetic nanoparticles decorated graphene (Au/MNP-GRPs) composite was used to implement a chemical sensor for the norovirus-like particles (NoV-LP) [20].…”

High‐Performance Biosensing Systems Based on Various Nanomaterials as Signal Transducers

“…Lee et al introduced the detection of norovirus-like particles (NoV-LPs) using a binary NPs-GRP electrical sensing channelbased biosensing platform. [109] In this study, Au NPs and MNPs were introduced on the surface of GRP in DI water at room temperature. The resulting modified GRP possessed multiple functionalities, such as magnetic, plasmonic, and electrical properties.…”

Immunosensor Based on Long-Period Fiber Gratings for Detection of Viruses Causing Gastroenteritis

“…Therefore, fast and reliable biosensing methods are strongly needed, and some novel techniques have already been reported. Biosensors for norovirus detection that have been proposed to date are based on electrochemical [8][9][10][11] and optical [12,13] transducers. Recently, the utilization of microfluidic devices was demonstrated for aptamer-based fluorometric and electrochemical detection [14,15].…”