2004
DOI: 10.1023/b:jmsc.0000011502.85255.a8
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Binders for radioactive waste forms made from pretreated calcined sodium bearing waste

Abstract: Radioactive waste generated during the reprocessing of fuel rods by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is stored in underground tanks at Hanford, Savannah River and INEEL. The liquid fraction commonly referred to as sodium bearing waste (SBW), is a highly alkaline solution containing large amounts of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite. It has been shown that SBW can be mixed with a reducing agent and metakaolin and then calcined at 500• -700• C to form a calcine containing sodium aluminosilic… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…64,65 Zeolites also form when metakaolin (Al 2 O 3 Á2SiO 2 ) or amorphous/glassy fly ash (0.74Al 2 O 3 Á2.40SiO 2 ) is reacted with excess NaOH during geopolymerization [73][74][75] and/or during hydroceramic formation. [76][77][78][79][80] According to a compilation by Barrer, 55 the zeolite analcime has been made from aluminous glass plus Na 2 SiO 3 and NaOH at 180-190°C, from NaAlO 2 and Na 2 SiO 3 at 180°C, from kaolin and Na 2 SiO 3 at 200-220°C, and from Al 2 O 3 plus 3-4 moles SiO 2 and Na 2 CO 3 at 190-200°C. Zeolites from synthetic sodic rich glasses with variable SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 or Na 2 O/Al 2 O 3 and natural analog glasses have been studied in excess NaOH and found to form Zeoite A, Na-P zeolite, analcime, basic sodalite and/or faujasite.…”
Section: Appendix 1 Tutorial On Zeolitization In Industrial Applicatimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…64,65 Zeolites also form when metakaolin (Al 2 O 3 Á2SiO 2 ) or amorphous/glassy fly ash (0.74Al 2 O 3 Á2.40SiO 2 ) is reacted with excess NaOH during geopolymerization [73][74][75] and/or during hydroceramic formation. [76][77][78][79][80] According to a compilation by Barrer, 55 the zeolite analcime has been made from aluminous glass plus Na 2 SiO 3 and NaOH at 180-190°C, from NaAlO 2 and Na 2 SiO 3 at 180°C, from kaolin and Na 2 SiO 3 at 200-220°C, and from Al 2 O 3 plus 3-4 moles SiO 2 and Na 2 CO 3 at 190-200°C. Zeolites from synthetic sodic rich glasses with variable SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 or Na 2 O/Al 2 O 3 and natural analog glasses have been studied in excess NaOH and found to form Zeoite A, Na-P zeolite, analcime, basic sodalite and/or faujasite.…”
Section: Appendix 1 Tutorial On Zeolitization In Industrial Applicatimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, the fabrication of nature analogue minerals for radioactive waste forms and a exploitation of a convenient immobilization process is of interest and significative to the development of immobilization technology. Recently, a zeolite-like materials, hydroceramic [10][11][12], is developed to host a highlyalkaline waste, which [1,11,13,14] is a sodium hydroxide rich waste containing short-lived radioactive nuclides ( 137 Cs and 90 Sr) and small amount of sodium salts. The hydroceramic containing zeolite mineral phases is relatively easier to synthesize from a wide range of alumino-silicate materials (e.g.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hydroceramics are another concrete‐type material that is similar to zeolitized rock. It is made by curing a mixture of inorganic waste, calcined clay, vermiculite, and Na 2 S, NaOH with water under hydrothermal conditions (60°C–200°C) to form a matrix containing crystalline zeolites embedded in a sodium aluminosilicate matrix . The solidification process occurs as a result of hydration reactions.…”
Section: Future Nuclear Applications Of Ceramicsmentioning
confidence: 99%