Binding of Free Bile Acids by Cells of Yogurt Starter Culture Bacteria

Abstract

Several strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, which produced exocellular polysaccharides (EPS), varied in the amount produced. The streptococci tended to produce the most EPS per milliliter of culture; however, when compared on the basis of amounts per 10(7) cfu, the lactobacilli produced the most. Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus strains Lb-18 and Lb-10442 and S. thermophilus St-143 produced significantly larger amounts per 107 cfu than did other strains tested. These three cultures plus two strains of the streptococci that produced the greatest amounts of EPS per ml of culture were tested for the ability to bind bile acids from laboratory media. The two cultures of L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (Lb-18 and Lb-10442) bound significantly higher amounts of cholic acid than did the three strains of streptococci. These two cultures of lactobacilli bound up to 15.3% of the cholic acid present in laboratory media, up to 452 microg/mg of EPS and 2.9 microg/10(7) cfu. None of the cultures tested in this study were able to bind the conjugated bile acid, glycocholic acid.

Potentials and Limitations of Bile Acids and Probiotics in Diabetes Mellitus

“…In healthy rats, neither probiotic treatment, nor oral administration of gliclazide, MKC or gliclazide+MKC had any effect on blood glucose levels. More interestingly, the authors hypothesized that the chronic treatment of diabetic rats with probiotics may have stimulated the metabolism of the stable bile acid, MKC, in a similar way as reported between cholic acid and Lactobacilli (Pigeon et al 2002). The hypothesis of direct induction of probiotic treatment to bile acid metabolism may explain the therapeutic efficacy of probiotics in treating various disorders implementing a better role of bile acids in such therapeutic effects.…”

In vitro Treatment with Intact Cells or Cell Lysates of Lactobacillus and Spirulina Induced Lowering Effects on Induced Hypercholesteremia

“…Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanism of action of (LAB) lower cholesterol as: Consumption of cholesterol by intestinal bacteria, thus reducing the amount of cholesterol available for absorption (Pigeon et al, 2002;Pereira and Gibson, 2002). Cholesterol may be bound to the bacterial cellular surface (Liong and Shah, 2005) or incorporated into the bacterial cellular membranes (Lye et al, 2010a) or converted into coprostanol by cholesterol reductase, which is produced by strains of lactobacilli (Lye et al, 2010b).…”

Chemopreventive Potential of Probiotics and Prebiotics

“…Fermented wheat aleurone enriched with the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or Bifidobacterium animalis lactis reduced deoxycholic acid concentration by more than 84% in in vitro [31]. In addition, free calcium in an acidic environment in the presence of probiotics enhanced the binding of free bile acids thereby decreasing their solubility and ultimately the carcinogenic potential [32].…”