Binding of polycyclic planar mutagens to chlorophyllin resulting in inhibition of the mutagenic activity

Chemopreventive properties of chlorophylls towards aflatoxin B1: a review of the antimutagenicity and anticarcinogenicity data in rainbow trout

“…By reducing the bioavailability of many genotoxins, these putative 'interceptor molecules' might represent an important first line of defense, perhaps rivaling such mechanisms as induction of detoxification enzymes or inhibition of carcinogen activating enzymes. In the period since the review by Hartman and Shankel was published, a number of papers has described the ability of CHL, chlorophylls, and other porphyrins to form molecular complexes with various carcinogens and mutagens in a manner consistent with the interceptor molecule hypothesis [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. We will briefly review the evidence supporting the formation of a molecular complex between CHL and AFB 1 .…”

“…We will briefly review the evidence supporting the formation of a molecular complex between CHL and AFB 1 . However, the reader is referred to other work that describes the interactions formed between heterocyclic amines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or a number of miscellaneous polycyclic planar mutagens and CHL, chlorophylls, or related porphyrins [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

The “interceptor” properties of chlorophyllin measured within the three-component system: Intercalator–DNA–chlorophyllin

“…Diversity of the agents whose antimutagenic activity was neutralized by CHL points out that different protective mechanisms may be involved. One mechanism is the ability of CHL to form complexes with the aromatic mutagens [13][14][15]. Formation of the complex of CHL with mutagen leads to reduction of concentration of mutagen in its monomeric form and thereby of its activity.…”

Attenuation of acridine mutagen ICR-191 — DNA interactions and DNA damage by the mutagen interceptor chlorophyllin

“…Another mechanism by which CHL neutralizes mutagens stems from its ability to form complexes with the aromatic mutagens [17][18][19][20]. The complexes are thought to be maintained via stacking (π-π) interactions between the flat aromatic molecules of the mutagen and the porphyrin rings of CHL.…”