Development of convenient, accurate, and sensitive methods
for
rapid screening of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) infection is highly desired. In this study, we have developed
a facile electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2
S1 protein amplified by dumbbell hybridization chain reaction (DHCR).
A triangular prism DNA (TPDNA) nanostructure is first assembled and
modified at the electrode interface. Due to the multiple thiol anchors,
the immobilization is quite stable. The TPDNA nanostructure also provides
an excellent scaffold for better molecular recognition efficiency
on the top single-strand region (DHP0). The aptamer sequence toward
the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein is previously localized by partial hybridization
with DHP0. In the presence of the target protein, the aptamer sequence
is displaced and DHP0 is exposed. After further introduction of the
fuel stands of DHCR, compressed DNA linear assembly occurs, and the
product can be stacked on the TPDNA nanostructure for the enrichment
of electrochemical species. This electrochemical method successfully
detects the target protein in clinical samples, which provides a simple,
robust, and accurate platform with great potential utility.