Bio-Detoxification of Jojoba Meal by Aspergillus oryzae and Impact of its Utilization in Ewes and Lambs' Feeding

Abstract

The present study was conducted at Maryout Research Station, Desert Research Center, Egypt. Jojoba meal (JM) was treated biologically with Aspergllus orgyzae Fk-923 to study its effects on performance, digestibility coefficient, nutritive value, blood metabolites, and rumen characteristic of sheep. Total of 30 Barki ewes aged 3-4 years old with an average weight of 33.46 kg were randomly allotted into three experimental treatments (10 ewes of each) to study the reproductive traits of Barki sheep. The experiment lasted for 150 days to cover the pregnancy period. After weaning eighteen growing lambs with average live body weight of 15.41kg, were used in feeding trial 210 days (six lambs of each). The experimental rations (R1, R2 and R3) of treated jojoba meal (TJM) at level of (0, 7% and 14%) as a replacement of cotton seed meal, respectively. The results indicated that the analysis of experimental rations' components demonstrated that the experimental rations were similar in its chemical composition but there was a slight increase in the crude protein content with increasing the percentage of jojoba meal (for the slight decrease in CF content). During early pregnancy, ewes consumed 14% of treat jojoba meal had lower total crude fiber intake than those of R1 (control) and R2 groups. During late pregnancy, the intake levels of total dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber were higher in lambs feed the control ration compared to both 7 and 14% (TJM). During the early pregnancy and late pregnancy, changes in body weight of sheep were not significantly affected by type of diets. Digestibility coefficients by lambs fed 14% JM (R3) showed numerically higher digestion values of DM, OM, CP, CF, NFE and NDF followed by those feed 7% JM (R2) than the R1 (control). Lambs fed jojoba meal had higher TDN and the digestible crude protein (DCP) improved with increasing percentage of JM. Also nitrogen balance as % of nitrogen intake was higher in animals fed R3 and the lowest value was in R2. Feed conversion values as DM, TDN and DCP were improved for lambs fed the control followed by rations containing 7 and 14% JM treated with fungi, respectively. Providing treated JM with fungi (R2 and R3) improved the pH values. The opposite trend was observed for rumen ammonia concentrations (NH 3-N) and total volatile fatty acids values (TVFA's), which found to be low before feeding, then increased at 3 hrs. post feeding and returned to decrease at 6 hrs. post feeding but NH 3-N levels increased at 6 hrs. post feeding for R1 and R3. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, AST, ALT, T3 and T4 levels. The economic parameters for R3 was the best followed by R2 compared with control ration (R1). It could be concluded that 14% treated JM with fungus can be used in growing lambs' ration.

A review of the desert gold jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) whole plant, oil, and meal: Phytochemical composition, medicinal uses, and detoxification

“…Adding jojoba meal to animal's ration increased nutrients digestibility, improved animal general health and viability, and enhanced the metabolic process through increasing protein anabolism and decreasing protein degradation. The study concluded that 14% treated jojoba meal with the fungus can be used in growing lambs ration (Abdou, 2018). A study was conducted to measure the effect of treating jojoba meal with Tricoderma ressie on poultry production.…”