Bio-guided identification of an anti-inflammatory guaianolide from<i>Centaurea ainetensis</i>

BackgroundMedicinal plants represent alternative means for the treatment of several chronic diseases, including inflammation. The genus Ranunculus, a representative of the Ranunculaceae family, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic and antifungal activities, possibly due to the presence of anemonin and other. Different studies have shown the occurrence of unusual fatty acids (FAs) in Ranunculaceae; however, their therapeutic role has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to characterize potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities in Ranunculus constantinopolitanus D'Urv., traditionally used in Eastern Mediterranean folk medicine.MethodsThe aerial part of R. constantinopolitanus was subjected to methanol (MeOH) extraction and solvent fractionation. The bioactive fraction (I.2) was further fractionated using column chromatography, and the biologically active subfraction (Y2+3) was identified using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effects of I.2 and Y2+3 on cell viability were studied in mouse mammary epithelial SCp2 cells using trypan blue exclusion method. To study the anti-inflammatory activities of I.2 and Y2+3, their ability to reduce interleukin (IL)-6 levels was assessed in endotoxin (ET)-stimulated SCp2 cells using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the ability of Y2+3 to reduce cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression was studied in IL-1-treated mouse intestinal epithelial Mode-K cells via western blotting. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK), Tukey HSD, two-sample t-test and Dunnett t-tests for multiple comparisons.ResultsThe chloroform fraction (I.2) derived from crude MeOH extract of the plant, in addition to Y2+3, a FA mix isolated from this fraction and containing palmitic acid, C18:2 and C18:1 isomers and stearic acid (1:5:8:1 ratio), reduced ET-induced IL-6 levels in SCp2 cells without affecting cell viability or morphology. When compared to fish oil, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and to individual FAs as palmitic, linoleic, oleic and stearic acid or to a mix of these FAs (1:5:8:1 ratio), Y2+3 exhibited higher potency in reducing ET-induced IL-6 levels within a shorter period of time. Y2+3 also reduced COX-2 expression in IL-1-treated Mode-K cells.ConclusionOur studies demonstrate the existence of potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities in R. constantinopolitanus and attribute them to a FA mix in this plant.

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“…(2009) [24]. In brief, the dried plant material was subjected to extraction through soaking in MeOH (1:10 w/v) for 16 hr.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation by fatty-acid fractions of Ranunculus constantinopolitanus

Fostok

Ezzeddine

Homaidan

et al. 2009

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…In conclusion, three research papers on C. ainetensis water extracts and three on Sal A antiinflammatory and anti-tumor activities have been so far published by Ibsar while a fourth one is in progress (Al-Saghir et al, 2009;Barbour et al, 2004;El-Najjar et al, 2007;Ghantous et al, 2007;Saliba et al, 2009;Talhouk et al, 2008). Prior to our work, there was only one published article on Sal A's biological activity since its isolation (Vajs et al, 1999).…”

Section: Ibsar Efforts For Bringing Sal a To The Forefrontmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salograviolide A: A Plant-Derived Sesquiterpene Lactone with Promising Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects

Fakhoury¹,

Gali‐Muhtasib²

2011

Advances in Cancer Therapy

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“…The crude MeOH extract was subjected to further solvent fractionation as previously described by Saliba et al (2009) [24]. In brief, the dried plant material was subjected to extraction through soaking in MeOH (1:10 w/v) for 16 hr.…”

Section: Methanol Extraction and Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ET treatment was performed as previously described by Saliba et al (2009) [24]. Salmonella typhosa ET (Sigma) was dissolved in DM, filter-sterilized using 0.2 μm nonpyrogenic sterile-R filter and stored at -20°C.…”

Section: Induction Of Inflammation Endotoxin Treatment Of Scp2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Desprez, Geraldine Brush Cancer Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA) were cultured as previously described by Saliba et al (2009) [24]. Briefly, cells were grown on 100-mm tissue culture plates (BD Falcon, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) in growth medium (GM) consisting of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium Nutrient Mixture/F12 Ham (DMEM/F12; Gibco, Paisley, Scotland) supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco), insulin (5 μg/ml; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin mixture (Gibco) in a humidified incubator (95% air 5% CO 2 ; VWR Scientific, West Chester, PA, USA) at 37°C.…”

Section: Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Downregulation by Fatty-Acid Fractions of Ranunculus Constantinopolitanus

Fostok¹,

Ezzeddine²,

Homaidan³

et al. 2014

Recent Advances in Plant-Based, Traditional, and Natural Medicines

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Background: Medicinal plants represent alternative means for the treatment of several chronic diseases, including inflammation. The genus Ranunculus, a representative of the Ranunculaceae family, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic and antifungal activities, possibly due to the presence of anemonin and other. Different studies have shown the occurrence of unusual fatty acids (FAs) in Ranunculaceae; however, their therapeutic role has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to characterize potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities in Ranunculus constantinopolitanus D'Urv., traditionally used in Eastern Mediterranean folk medicine.

show abstract

Bio-guided identification of an anti-inflammatory guaianolide fromCentaurea ainetensis

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation by fatty-acid fractions of Ranunculus constantinopolitanus

Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation by fatty-acid fractions of Ranunculus constantinopolitanus

Salograviolide A: A Plant-Derived Sesquiterpene Lactone with Promising Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects

Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Downregulation by Fatty-Acid Fractions of Ranunculus Constantinopolitanus

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