Bio‐Inspired Borate Cross‐Linking in Ultra‐Stiff Graphene Oxide Thin Films

An, Zhe; Compton, Owen C.; Putz, Karl W.; Brinson, L. Catherine; Nguyen, SonBinh T.

doi:10.1002/adma.201101544

Cited by 323 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

292

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Brinson et al presented GO lms with lamellar structures that can be used as load-bearing structural materials in air. 58 However, for some applications, graphene may need to work under water and retain its impressive mechanical properties. To demonstrate the macroscale application of exible and superhydrophobic GC paper in a water environment, two weights were loaded on the GC paper (25 mm in thickness).…”

Section: This Journal Is ª the Royal Society Of Chemistry 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion of nacre, mussel, and lotus leaf: bio-inspired graphene composite paper with multifunctional integration

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multifunctional integration is an inherent characteristic for biological materials with multiscale structures. Learning from nature is an effective approach for scientists and engineers to construct multifunctional materials. In nature, mollusks (abalone), mussels, and the lotus have evolved different and optimized solutions to survive. Here, bio-inspired multifunctional graphene composite paper was fabricated in situ through the fusion of the different biological solutions from nacre (brick-and-mortar structure), mussel adhesive protein (adhesive property and reducing character), and the lotus leaf (self-cleaning effect). Owing to the special properties (self-polymerization, reduction, and adhesion), dopamine could be simultaneously used as a reducing agent for graphene oxide and as an adhesive, similar to the mortar in nacre, to crosslink the adjacent graphene. The resultant nacre-like graphene paper exhibited stable superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, anticorrosion, and remarkable mechanical properties underwater. Multifunctional integration is an inherent characteristic for biological materials with multiscale structures.Learning from nature is an effective approach for scientists and engineers to construct multifunctional materials. In nature, mollusks (abalone), mussels, and the lotus have evolved different and optimized solutions to survive. Here, bio-inspired multifunctional graphene composite paper was fabricated in situ through the fusion of the different biological solutions from nacre (brick-and-mortar structure), mussel adhesive protein (adhesive property and reducing character), and the lotus leaf (self-cleaning effect).Owing to the special properties (self-polymerization, reduction, and adhesion), dopamine could be simultaneously used as a reducing agent for graphene oxide and as an adhesive, similar to the mortar in nacre, to crosslink the adjacent graphene. The resultant nacre-like graphene paper exhibited stable superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, anti-corrosion, and remarkable mechanical properties underwater.

show abstract

Section: This Journal Is ª the Royal Society Of Chemistry 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion of nacre, mussel, and lotus leaf: bio-inspired graphene composite paper with multifunctional integration

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[13] Copyright 2014, Wiley-VCH; and Triticum aestivum image and covalent-crosslinking schematic: reproduced with permission. [14] Copyright 2011, Wiley-VCH. Invention: Robust-fiber SEM image: reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Interface Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14,53] Natural materials always display a dependency of comprehensive interactions and specific hierarchical architectures. The brick-and-mortar architecture of nacre generates four major interface interactions: i) breaking of mineral bridges, ii) inelastic shearing resisted by nanoasperities, iii) an organic layer acting as viscoelastic glue, and iv) tablet interlocking during sliding efficiently dissipating the loading energy.…”

Section: Interface Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The short molecular chain of GA also could improve GO film nanocomposites with covalent bonding between adjacent GO nanosheets. [76] The other example for introducing strong covalent bonding in GO film is demonstrated by An et al [14] Borate diester covalent bonding between adjacent GO nanosheets resulted in ultrastiff GO-borate composite film with an extremely high modulus of 127 GPa and only with 0.94 wt% boron concentration. Thus, a short chain crosslinking agent is generally beneficial for the promotion on the Young's modulus due to the agent's stiffening effect on the matrix or building blocks.…”

Section: Wwwadvmatde Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High‐Performance Nanocomposites Inspired by Nature

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the eons of evolutionary time, natural materials, including nacre, bone, lobster cuticle, and many others, developed delicate multiscale structures demonstrating outstanding properties. These natural materials provide endless inspiration for the fabrication of novel bioinspired structural materials. Extensive research has revealed the mechanism responsible for natural materials' properties and shows that high-performance structural materials could be fabricated via bioinspired strategies. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] With the quest to develop novel bioinspired materials, it is essential to refine some basic scientific principles that can guide bioinspired fabrication.Recent research has indicated that the amplification of natural materials' mechanical properties far beyond those of the components that comprise them originates mainly from: i) a hierarchical micro-/nanoscale architecture and ii) abundant effective interface interactions. Here, we follow the roadmap of "discovery, invention, and creation," as shown in Figure 1, to give insight into the development of bioinspired structural materials. In the "discovery" section, natural materials are described as a source of inspiration. Bioinspired nanocomposites can be invented to mimic or even to surpass natural materials' attributes, as described in the "invention" section. We illustrate how the basic principles could work for bioinspired nanocomposites with different building blocks and fabrication approaches. Finally, in the "creation" section, we review novel multifunctional nanocomposites with properties that natural materials rarely possess. To provide a vision and inspiration for future research, we conclude with our perspectives on new and promising directions in the field, along with problems remaining to be solved. Discovery: Natural Materials Orderly Hierarchical ArchitecturesNatural materials are made at ambient temperatures from a relatively small number of ingredients that exhibit rather meager properties. Almost all of them are composites with orderly hierarchical architectures that arrest crack propagation, thus preventing catastrophic failure. Insight into the architecture of a typical natural material is the key to understanding the superiority of the biomimetic strategy for making novel synthetic materials.Natural materials, including nacre, bone, and the lobster cuticle, exhibit excellent mechanical properties, combining high strength and toughness. Such materials have the added benefit of being light in weight. These advantageous features are due to such natural materials' orderly hierarchical architectures and abundant interface interactions. How to utilize these design principles created by nature to fabricate high-performance bioinspired nanocomposites remains a great research challenge. A logical roadmap for developing these nanocomposites can be described as "discovery, invention, and creation." Here, the discovery of the relationship between natural materials' design principles and such materials' extraordinary mechanical proper...

show abstract

“…A few practical methods have been suggested to flatten wrinkles such as improving inter-sheet interaction by chemical cross-linking of GO sheets. 98,99 Adhesion is another important factor in designing composite materials. Strong interfacial bonding is always required to realize the superior mechanics of nanofillers to the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Conclusion and Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening of polymers by graphene

Wang

Song

2013

Nanomaterials and Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionDue to the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the past 20 years, improvement of polymer properties by nanofillers has become a vital topic in the field of material science. [1][2][3] The polymer nanocomposites show enhanced properties by the incorporation of low amount of nanofillers such as carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene and nanoclay. [4][5][6][7] Due to the high surface to volume ratio and/or high aspect ratio, the nanofillers are more efficient than the traditional fillers in reinforcing polymers. 8,9 Among the nanofillers, graphene is an atomically thick, 2D nanomaterial that is the strongest materials measured so far. it has intensively attracted a great deal of interest in extensively exploring its applications. The superior properties of graphene also reflected in the graphene/polymer nanocomposites. It has been widely reported that the mechanical, thermal, electrical, gas-barrier and flame-retardant properties of polymer can be significantly improved by the addition of graphene. 3,6,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Its advantages over other nanofillers have been discussed. 3,19,[25][26][27][28] However, the reinforcing efficiency of graphene highly depends on the dispersion and distribution of graphene sheets in the polymer matrix. 29 An optimized graphene-polymer interface is critical in the property transfer. [30][31][32] Pristine graphene sheets are not compatible with organic polymers and have a great tendency to agglomerate in the matrix. 3,33,34 To resolve this problem, functionalization of graphene is an essential step to achieve a molecular level dispersion.3,35 The functionalized graphene (FG) sheets could form strong interfacial bonding with polymer chains, which is favorable for load transfer, but it also confines the motion of interfacial polymer segments. [36][37][38] Thus, the enhancements in stiffness, tensile strength and hardness of polymer are frequently reported, while the elongation at break and ductility is always decreased. 3,6,39 Toughness of polymer is extremely important in the critical structural applications and highperformance areas such as automotive, aerospace and defence. 9,40 Enhancing the toughness of polymer has been a challenging issue, especially for thermosets that have highly cross-linked structure. 9Traditional fillers, such as rubber particles, can improve the toughness, but they show negative impact on mechanical properties and manufacturability. 38,41 In the past few years, toughening of polymers by graphene has been explored and reported in a few publications. 25,[29][30][31][32]38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] According to the results, it is believed that the incorporation of FG can toughen polymers including both thermoplastics and thermosets, although the understanding of the mechanism is still insufficient. In this review, the authors try to focus on the recent development on the Toughening of polymers by graphene Wang and Song ICE Publishing: All rights reserved

show abstract

Bio‐Inspired Borate Cross‐Linking in Ultra‐Stiff Graphene Oxide Thin Films

Abstract: Adjacent graphene oxide nanosheets in a thin-film structure have been covalently cross-linked in a fashion similar to the cell walls of higher-order plants. The resulting ultra-stiff structure exhibits a maximum storage modulus of 127 GPa that can be tuned by varying borate concentration.

Cited by 323 publications

References 32 publications

Fusion of nacre, mussel, and lotus leaf: bio-inspired graphene composite paper with multifunctional integration

Fusion of nacre, mussel, and lotus leaf: bio-inspired graphene composite paper with multifunctional integration

High‐Performance Nanocomposites Inspired by Nature

Toughening of polymers by graphene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About