Bio-inspired green synthesis of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles using watermelon rinds and their catalytic activity

Abstract

Novel and bio-inspired magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized using watermelon rinds (WR) which are nontoxic and biodegradable. Watermelon rind extract was used as a solvent and capping and reducing agent in the synthesis. The Fe 3 o 4 MNPs were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques (VSM). XRD studies revealed a high degree of crystalline and monophasic Fe nanoparticles of face-centered cubic stricture. FTIR analysis proved that particles are reduced and stabilized in solution by the capping agent that is likely to be proteins secreted by the biomass. The present process in an excellent candidate for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles that is simple, easy to execute, pollutant free and inexpensive. A practical and convenient method for the synthesis of highly stable and small-sized iron nanoparticles with a narrow distribution from 2 to 20 nm is reported. Also, the MNPs present in higher saturation magnetization (Ms) of 14.2 emu/g demonstrate tremendous magnetic response behavior. However, the synthesized iron nanoparticles were used as a catalyst for the preparation of biologically interesting 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives in high yields. These results exhibited that the synthesized Fe 3 O 4 MNPs could be used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. Keywords X-ray diffraction Á Fe 3 O 4 MNPs Á TEM Á VSM Á Catalyst activity

Catalytic hydrolysis of cellobiose using different acid‐functionalised Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles

“…The presence of these diffraction peaks suggested highly crystalline nature and coincide with the standard XRD data of iron oxide nanoparticles. Moreover, these observations are also in accordance with the various previous studies proposed by Wei et al [37], Prasad et al [38] and Fatima et al [39]. In addition, similar diffraction peaks were observed in the case of Fe 3 O 4 -MNPs@Si (Fig.…”

“…Table 1 summaries the elemental composition for MNPs obtained from EDX analysis. Moreover, according to Prasad et al [38] this kind of observation indicates the spherical shape and elemental iron formed by a facile manner. These results also support the SEM analysis where spherical shape for synthesized MNPs was reported.…”

Utilization of Neem Leaf Extract on Biosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

“…This observation confirmed the formation of Azadirachta indica mediated Fe 3 O 4 -NPs in one-pot reaction. The FTIR data suggested that the reasonable mechanism of Fe 3 O 4 -NPs formation may be due to the reduction of iron ions that takes place together with the phenolic compounds in the Azadirachta indica leaf extract [53,54].…”

Síntesis de nanopartículas de magnetita a partir del extracto de cáscara de papaya para la degradación de colorantes azoicos en soluciones acuosas

“…A partir de lo anterior, se determinó que sí es posible la obtención de magnetita disminuyendo el exceso de 20:1 a 10:1, lo cual se puede identificar en la Figura 2 ya que en el espectro obtenido se observa que los picos característicos de la zona perteneciente a enlaces Fe-O guardan similitudes con respecto al pico de la muestra comercial, como por ejemplo el ancho del mismo, de lo anterior es posible afirmar que se disminuye la generación de ácido acético en un 50% con respecto a la muestra en la que se agregó un exceso de aproximadamente 20:1, exceso que ha sido reportado previamente por diferentes investigaciones como el uso de extractos obtenidos a partir de cáscaras de banano [14], sandía [12] y extracto de semilla de Syzygium cumini [22].…”

“…Por tal motivo se empezó a estudiar un método, que además de evitar el uso de dichos compuestos, aprovecha residuos agroindustriales tales como la cáscara del banano y la sandía conociendo que en estas hay azúcares reductores presentes. Con el fin de concentrar los azúcares, las cáscaras fueron sometidas a un proceso de reflujo a diferentes condiciones, luego de haber removido la humedad, estas se pulverizaron y se disolvieron en cloruro de hierro hexahidratado y acetato de sodio, esta mezcla fue llevada a calentamiento para la posterior obtención de las NPs [12].…”