Bio‐inspired microstructures in collagen type I hydrogel

Abstract

This article presents a novel technique to fabricate complex type I collagen hydrogel structures, with varying depth and width defined by a single fabrication step. This technique takes advantage of reactive ion etching lag to fabricate three-dimensional (3-D) structures in silicon. Then, a polydimethylsiloxane replica was fabricated utilizing soft lithography and used as a stamp on collagen hydrogel to transfer these patterns. Endothelial cells were seeded on the hydrogel devices to measure their interaction with these more physiologically relevant cell culture surfaces. Confocal imaging was utilized to image the hydrogel devices to demonstrate the robustness of the fabrication technique, and to study the cell-extracellular matrix interaction after cell seeding. In this study, we observed that endothelial cells remodeled the sharp scallops of collagen hydrogel structures and compressed the structures with low degree of slope. Such patterning techniques will enhance the physiological relevance of existing 3-D cell culture platforms by providing a technical bridge between the high resolution yet planar techniques of standard lithography with more complex yet low resolution 3-D printing methods.

Endothelial cell sensing, restructuring, and invasion in collagen hydrogel structures

“…The structures were first fabricated in silicon utilizing deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) (AMS 100, France) as we have previously published 30 . Utilizing soft lithography, the PDMS stamps with the negative replica of structures were fabricated.…”

“…The structures were first fabricated in silicon utilizing deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) (AMS 100, France) as we have previously published. 30 Utilizing soft lithography, the PDMS stamps with the negative replica of structures were fabricated. The stamps were treated with oxygen plasma (Harrick-Plasma, NY, USA) and coated with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 30 min at room temperature and kept on ice under sterile conditions in a biosafety cabinet.…”

Collagen-Based Electrospun Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review

“…Collagen, specifically type I, is a major constituent of many tissues and organs, including skin, bone, tendon, blood vessels, and cardiac tissue. As a result, collagen type I matrices are often used as a surrogate extracellular matrix (ECM) for in vitro tissue engineering and in vivo tissue regeneration or repair [1][2][3][4][5]. Given the fibrous nature of the native ECM, electrospinning, a technique that creates matrices comprised of nanometric or micron-sized fibers, is commonly utilized to generate scaffolds for tissue engineering [6][7][8][9].…”

Bioactive Collagen Hydrolysate-Chitosan/Essential Oil Electrospun Nanofibers Designed for Medical Wound Dressings

“…The application of animal-derived proteins in electrospinning for wound dressings as compared with synthetic polymers is an environmentally friendly approach because the non-toxic solvents are used for preparing solutions, and, in addition, they possess antimicrobial and biocompatibility properties [19,23]. Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals, being a major constituent of skin, bones, tendons, blood vessels, and heart tissue, and successfully used for in vitro and in vivo tissue regeneration engineering [24][25][26][27][28].…”