Bio‐Inspired Preparation of Fibrin‐Boned Bionanocomposites of Biomacromolecules and Nanomaterials for Biosensing

Abstract

Learning from nature is one of the most promising ways to develop advanced functional materials. Here, inspired by blood coagulation, novel fi brin-boned bionanocomposites are reported as effi cient immobilization matrices of biomacromolecules and nanomaterials for biosensing. Glucose oxidase (GOx), Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), and Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are adopted as the model biomacromolecules and nanomaterials. By integrating the thrombin-triggered coagulation of fi brin with advanced surfi cial modifi cation techniques, four kinds of immobilization strategies are developed and evaluated. Digital imaging, UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning/transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical methods, and N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms are used to investigate the formation, immobilization effi ciency, and performance of various bionanocomposites. The fi brin-boned networks show inherent biocompatibility, excellent adsorbability, porosity, and functionalization ability, endowing the bionanocomposites with high effi ciencies in capturing AuNPs, MNPs and GOx (99%, 98%, and 57% captured under the given conditions, respectively), as well as signifi cant mass-transfer and biocatalysis effi ciencies. Therefore, the fi brin-boned bionanocomposites show great potential for biosensing, for example, a fi brin-AuNPs-GOx-glutaraldehyde bionanocomposites modifi ed Au electrode is highly sensitive to glucose (145 µA cm −2 mM −1 ) allowing for a limit of detection down to 25 nM, being much superior to those of the reported analogues. The presented experimental platform/strategy may fi nd wide applications in the development of other bio/nano-materials/devices.

Fibrin Association at Hybrid Biointerfaces Made of Clot‐Binding Peptides and Polythiophene

“…Biocomposites derived from the conjugation of synthetic polymers with biomolecules (e.g., proteins and peptides) are frequently used in biomedicine because of the synergistic effects associated with combination of their individual properties . In the last few years, particular attention has been paid to biocomposites involving electroactive conducting polymers (ECPs), which due to their excellent properties are used to fabricate electrochemically active biointerfaces.…”

Emerging trends in superhydrophobic surface based magnetic materials: fabrications and their potential applications

“…$107 ). On the other hand, the PTFE-modied substrate showed enhanced surface non-wettability because of the deposition of the hydrophobic layer on the TiO 2 surface, which might affect surface morphology and induce superhydrophobicity (168 ) on the surface (Fig. 25).…”

“…Sensors are used widely for the detection of chemical compounds or bio-molecules or metal ions in mixed solutions. 167,168 Magnetic nanoparticle-based sensors are used widely in a range of applications, such as the sensing of metal ions, detection of antibodies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and various other bio-medical applications. Superhydrophobic surfaces and materials have attracted recent attention for various sensing applications.…”

On‐the‐Spot Immobilization of Quantum Dots, Graphene Oxide, and Proteins via Hydrophobins

“…[ 53,54,57 ] However, effi cient integration of nanomaterials and proteins in functional devices requires strategies to control their assemblies, without hampering their properties, enhancing the features of the base building blocks. [ 58,59 ] Self-assembling of proteins, nonsynthetic "nanomachines" endowed with a broad variety of functions, is nowadays intensively studied as a fundamental and green strategy to build hierarchical structures in both living systems and hybrid functional assemblies for bio-nanotechnological purposes. [ 60,61 ] Hydrophobins (HFB) are self-assembling proteins commonly produced by fi lamentous fungi that, arising from the typical fungal life style, have evolved "Janus-faced" structures [ 62 ] and special functions.…”