“…The contents of carbon, moisture, ash and volatilization were 6.35, 60.69, 20.58 and 18.73 wt%, respectively. 20 In addition, the contents of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen were 51.49, 6.50, 38.06 and 3.54 wt%, respectively. 20 Notably, these samples had high concentrations of heavy metals, such as arsenic, copper, lead, nickel, cadmium and chromium, while arsenic, zinc and nickel were the main components with concentrations of 8547 mg kg −1 , 225 mg kg −1 and 176 mg kg −1 , respectively.…”