Bio-optical properties and radiative energy budgets in fed and unfed scleractinian corals (Pocillopora sp.) during thermal bleaching

Lyndby, Niclas Heidelberg; Holm, Jacob; Wangpraseurt, Daniel; Ferrier‐Pagés, Christine; Kühl, Michael

doi:10.3354/meps13146

Cited by 12 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Therefore, it is unsurprising that strong light effects on physiology have been documented in cultured corals 3 , 4 , 23 , 24 . Heterotrophy becomes relatively more important in bleached corals that have lost the capacity for autotrophy, and active feeding has been shown to promote bleaching resilience 3 , 20 , 25 – 28 and raise coral protein levels, chlorophyll concentrations, photosynthetic rates, and growth rates 16 , 17 , 29 , 30 . However, feeding in RAS usually leads to eutrophication and can ultimately actually thwart coral growth when algal blooms occur within the culture tanks 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding on the physiological performance of the stony coral Pocillopora acuta

Huang

Mayfield

Fan

2020

Sci Rep

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Reef-building corals rely on both heterotrophy and endosymbiotic dinoflagellate autotrophy to meet their metabolic needs. Those looking to culture these organisms for scientific or industrial purposes must therefore consider both feeding regimes and the light environment. Herein the effects of three photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) levels were assessed in fed and unfed specimens of the model coral Pocillopora acuta that were cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Half of the corals were fed Artemia sp. brine shrimp in a separate feeding tank to prevent biofouling, and fragments were exposed to PAR levels of 105, 157, or 250 μmol quanta m−2 s−1 over a 12-h period each day. All cultured corals survived the 140-day treatment, and the physiological response variables assessed-buoyant weight, specific growth rate, linear extension, color, and Fv/Fm-were significantly influenced by feeding, and, to a lesser extent, light. Specifically, fed corals grew faster and larger, and presented darker pigmentation; corals fed at the highest light levels grew at the fastest rate (6 cm year−1 or 175 mg g−1 week−1). Given the high physiological performance observed, we advocate the active feeding of brine shrimp in RAS by those looking to cultivate P. acuta, and likely other corals, over long-term timescales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding on the physiological performance of the stony coral Pocillopora acuta

Huang

Mayfield

Fan

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Joyce and Phinn (2003) examined the relationship between spectral reflectance, chlorophyll a content, and photosynthetic capacity, but did not find a significant correlation between these variables. Total radiative energy budgets have been determined for microbial mats and corals (Al-Najjar et al, 2012;Brodersen et al, 2014;Lyndby et al, 2019), however, how such approaches can be used with remote sensing has yet to be investigated. Hochberg and Atkinson (2008) utilized a model based on light absorptance to map variable rates of gross production for Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii from satellite imagery.…”

Section: Remote Sensing Of Ecosystem Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, remote sensing applications have been slow to adapt biophysical models based on this relationship. There are studies that have assessed photosynthesis, calcification, and absorptance at the organism and species level (Rodríguez-Román et al, 2006;Scheufen, Krämer, et al, 2017), and the effects of environmental parameters such as water flow and thermal stress (Brodersen et al, 2014;Lyndby et al, 2019). However, there is a lack of information on these parameters in situ at the community level for coral reef and seagrass assemblages in the context of remote sensing.…”

Section: Problem Statement and Study Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Pocillopora sp. was observed to have lower photosynthetic efficiency of ~2%, under similar environmental conditions (Lyndby et al, 2019). In a previous study by Hochberg & Atkinson (2008), LUEP was averaged from the alpha, or initial slope of photosynthesis-irradiance curves from experiments at the organism scale.…”

Section: Functional-groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zooxanthellae density in corals can change over time, on the scale of days, leading to changes in pigment concentration, which could cause variation in spectral absorptance signatures. This can occur not only due to changes in irradiance, but from temperature as well (Hedley & Mumby, 2002, p. 286;Lyndby et al, 2019;Scheufen, Krämer, et al, 2017). Therefore, there was a temporal mismatch between the productivity and calcification measurements conducted over a two-week period, and the point measurements conducted to determine community and functional-group absorptance.…”

Section: Issues Of Spatial and Temporal Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping coral reef primary production and calcification from a light-use efficiency model with in-situ and remotely sensed data

Perez¹

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Monitoring coral reef primary and carbonate production is critical to understand changes in ecosystem function over time and between different reef systems. This is essential with increasing anthropogenic stresses from coastal development, overfishing, pollution, and ocean warming and acidification. However, monitoring these processes at spatial scales relevant to on ground management showing details within individual reefs (100's m 2) and across reef systems (1000's km 2) has been difficult due to lack of biogeochemical models that incorporate physical and biological factors for scaling with remote sensing. There is potential to adopt existing models that use absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) for estimating productivity, such as the light-use efficiency (LUE) model, which has been successfully applied in terrestrial and open ocean systems. The aim of this thesis was to develop methods for applying the LUE model to coral reef environments with field and remotely sensed data collected at multiple spatial scales. The objectives were to: (1) assess variability in community net productivity and calcification rates for algae dominated reef flats and a seagrass community, (2) assess variability of photosynthetic and calcification efficiencies based on APAR for multiple functional-groups: coral, non-calcareous algae, calcareous algae, sediment, and seagrass, and (3) apply the LUE model to map gross productivity and net calcification using multi-spectral imagery. This thesis focused on two reef systems: Heron Reef, southern Great Barrier Reef and Saipan Lagoon, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, which have multi-spectral imagery available for model application. The first chapter of this thesis provided a brief overview of productivity and calcification processes in coral reef systems, and current limitations in monitoring these processes with remote sensing. In Chapter 2 (Obj. 1), field measurements of community net productivity and calcification are reported for algae dominated reef flats and a seagrass community. This study provided the first baseline metabolism and calcification rates for Saipan Lagoon. Both the reef flats and seagrass community had high net productivity that was associated with the dominant presence of algae at all sites. In Chapter 3 (Obj. 2), the theoretical basis for the light-use efficiency model is introduced, and how the model used the relationship between irradiance and photosynthesis to estimate productivity. The relationship between productivity, calcification, absorptance, and irradiance I acknowledge that copyright of all material contained in my thesis resides with the copyright holder(s) of that material. Where appropriate I have obtained copyright permission from the copyright holder to reproduce material in this thesis and have sought permission from coauthors for any jointly authored works included in the thesis.

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Marine heatwaves modulate the genotypic and physiological responses of reef‐building corals to subsequent heat stress

Brown,

Genin,

Mello‐Athayde

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Back‐to‐back marine heatwaves in 2016 and 2017 resulted in severe coral bleaching and mortality across the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Encouragingly, some corals that survived these events exhibit increased bleaching resistance and may represent thermally tolerant populations that can better cope with ocean warming. Using the GBR as a natural laboratory, we investigated whether a history of minimal (Heron Island) or severe (Lizard Island) coral bleaching in 2016 and 2017 equates to stress tolerance in a successive heatwave (2020). We examined the genetic diversity, physiological performance, and trophic plasticity of juvenile (<10 cm) and adult (>25 cm) corals of two common genera (Pocillopora and Stylophora). Despite enduring greater cumulative heat stress (6.3°C week−1 vs. 5.6°C week−1), corals that experienced the third marine heatwave in 5 years (Lizard) exhibited twice as high survival and visual bleaching thresholds compared to corals that had not experienced significant bleaching in >10 years (Heron). Surprisingly, only one shared host–Symbiodiniaceae association was uncovered between locations (Stylophora pistillata–Cladocopium “C8 group”) and there was no genetic overlap in Pocillopora–Cladocopium partnerships, suggesting turnover in species composition from recent marine heatwaves. Corals within the species complex Pocillopora that survived the 2016 and 2017 marine heatwaves at Lizard Island were the most resilient, exhibiting three times greater calcification rates than conspecifics at Heron Island. Further, surviving corals (Lizard) had distinct isotopic niches, lower host carbon, and greater host protein, while conspecifics that had not experienced recent bleaching (Heron) had two times greater symbiont carbon content, suggesting divergent trophic strategies that influenced survival (i.e., greater reliance on heterotrophy vs. symbiont autotrophy, respectively). Ultimately, while corals may experience less bleaching and survive repeated thermal stress events, species‐specific trade‐offs do occur, leaving open many questions related to the long‐term health and recovery of coral reef ecosystems in the face of intensifying marine heatwaves.

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Bio-optical properties and radiative energy budgets in fed and unfed scleractinian corals (Pocillopora sp.) during thermal bleaching

Abstract: Microsensor measuring oxygen production at the base of a single polyp of Pocillopora damicornis.

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of feeding on the physiological performance of the stony coral Pocillopora acuta

Effects of feeding on the physiological performance of the stony coral Pocillopora acuta

Mapping coral reef primary production and calcification from a light-use efficiency model with in-situ and remotely sensed data

Marine heatwaves modulate the genotypic and physiological responses of reef‐building corals to subsequent heat stress

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