Bio-Removal of Black Crust from Marble Surface: Comparison with Traditional Methodologies and Application on a Sculpture from the Florence's English Cemetery

Gioventù, Eleonora; Lorenzi, Paola Franca

doi:10.1016/j.proche.2013.03.017

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This must be taken into account when a restoration procedure is planned, together with other factors, such as the protective features of the calcium oxalate that could act as a protective layer. If a removal is required, it should be done with caution by adapting it to the substrate (Gioventù et al, 2011;Gioventù and Lorenzi, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of the black crusts from the Seville Cathedral: A challenge to deepen the understanding of the relationships among microstructure, microchemical features and pollution sources

Ruffolo

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Russa

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of the black crusts from the Seville Cathedral: A challenge to deepen the understanding of the relationships among microstructure, microchemical features and pollution sources

Ruffolo

Comite

Russa

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Compared to a traditional chemical-based treatment (ammonium carbonate-EDTA mixture), the biological procedure showed homogeneous results in the removal of the surface deposits; in addition, the treatment preserved the historical layers below the crust (patina noble) and did not form undesirable secondary products [63]. After the first pioneering works, D. desulfuricans and D. vulgaris have been effectively used in bioremediation of various historic stoneworks and monuments, including the Cathedral of Milan [63], two sculptures of J. Eberle used to decorate the Buonconsiglio Castle in Trento [64], a section of the marble base of Pietà Rondanini in Sforzesco Castle in Milan [65], Lazzerini's sculpture "Allegoria della Morte" in Florence [66], and historical columns in Failaka Island [67].…”

Section: Biocleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Use of Microorganisms as Restorative Agents: An Update

et al. 2019

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The biodeterioration process involves every type of Cultural Heritage item, including monuments, stoneworks, frescoes, and easel paintings. The accurate study of the microbial and fungal communities dwelling on artworks, and involved in their deterioration, is essential for the adoption of optimal prevention and conservation strategies. Conventional restorative methods, that usually involve chemical and physical technologies, present some disadvantages, including short-term and unsatisfactory effects, potential damage to the treated works, human toxicity, and environmental hazards. Research in the field of restoration has paved the way for innovative biological approaches, or ‘biorestoration’, in which microorganisms are not only considered as an eventual danger for artworks, but rather as potential tools for restoration. The present review describes the main aspects of the biodeterioration process and highlights the most relevant biorestoration approaches: bioconsolidation, biocleaning, biological control, and new promising bio-decontaminating compounds.

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“…Colorimetric assessments are used to evaluate colour changes [51] and the efficiency of the removal of consolidants, such as Paraloid B72, in various cultural heritage items, including wall paintings [52,53].…”

Section: Assessment Of the Decomposition Of Consolidants By Colorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Susceptibility to Biodegradation of Some Consolidants Used in the Restoration of Mural Paintings

et al. 2022

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This study evaluated both the possible fungal metabolites involved in the degradation of the commercial consolidant known as Paraloid® B72 and the national artisanal consolidant named transparent dispersion of casein and the deteriorative potential of melanised fungi. Fungi were found to have the capacity to produce organic acids, proteases and esterases when they grow on consolidants, which can be used as nutrients. Mycelia produced by melanised fungi affected the appearance, as well as the integrity, of consolidants applied on painted experimental models and fragments of frescoes. In treatment trials with biocides (Biotin R®, Biotin T® and Preventol® RI 80), the morphology of the consolidants, as well as the vitality of the fungi, were assessed 30 days after the inoculation with melanic fungi. Direct observation, optical microscopy, colourimetry and microbiological analysis highlighted the degradation of the consolidants by fungi and their acquired resistance after biocidal treatments. Biotin R® applied by brushing on the surface of the consolidants proved to be the most effective treatment, followed by Biotin T®. Considering the overall results for both Paraloid® B72 and transparent dispersion of casein, use of Biotin R® applied by brushing is recommended for preventive conservation.

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Bio-Removal of Black Crust from Marble Surface: Comparison with Traditional Methodologies and Application on a Sculpture from the Florence's English Cemetery

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

An analysis of the black crusts from the Seville Cathedral: A challenge to deepen the understanding of the relationships among microstructure, microchemical features and pollution sources

An analysis of the black crusts from the Seville Cathedral: A challenge to deepen the understanding of the relationships among microstructure, microchemical features and pollution sources

The Potential Use of Microorganisms as Restorative Agents: An Update

The Susceptibility to Biodegradation of Some Consolidants Used in the Restoration of Mural Paintings

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