Bioaccessibility of heavy metals in vegetables and its association with the physicochemical characteristics

Pan, Weijian; Kang, Yuan; Li, Ning; Zeng, Lixuan; Zhang, Qiuyun; Wu, Jin; Lü, Ping; Luo, Jiwen; Guo, Xinmei

doi:10.1007/s11356-015-5726-6

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Further studies are recommended to clarify the exact mechanisms. In the limited amount of investigations regarding metal bioaccessibility in the vegetables obtained from markets or grown in contaminated soils 9 , 13 , 26 , 27 , the reported data were basically comparable to ours. In the gastric and small intestinal phases, the average bioaccessibility was 16% and 18% for Cu, 43% and 25% for Zn in some leafy vegetables 27 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

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Investigation of bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in market vegetables in the colon using PBET combined with SHIME

Yin

Cai

Chen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The in vitro bioaccessibility of trace metals associated with oral ingestion of market vegetables (lettuce, pak choi, cole, and leaf lettuce) of Beijing, China was studied. The physiologically based extraction test (PBET) combined with the Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) was applied to simulate stomach, small intestine, and colon of human. In the gastro-intestinal phases, the bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn varied within 5.7–75.5%, 17.3–50.4%, 13.3–49.1%, and 19.9–63.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the metal bioaccessibility between the gastric and small intestinal phases, except for higher Cu bioaccessibility in the small intestine. Besides, the bioaccessibility of the four trace metals in the colon phase was first ever reported. A significant decline in Cu bioaccessibility (1.8–63.7%) and slight increases in the bioaccessibility of Fe (16.7–56.4%), Mn (21.2–71.6%), and Zn (15.7–69.7%) were revealed, which could mainly be attributed to the effect of colon microbiota. In addition, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were worked out to be 0.7, 8.8, 2.7, and 4.5 μg kg−1 body weight d−1, based on which the potential influences of these trace metals in vegetables on the health of the local consumers was demonstrated.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In the gastric and small intestinal phases, the average bioaccessibility was 16% and 18% for Cu, 43% and 25% for Zn in some leafy vegetables 27 . Cu bioaccessibility varied within 32% and 15% in lettuce, and 38% and 26% in leaf lettuce 9 . da Silva et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Investigation of bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in market vegetables in the colon using PBET combined with SHIME

Yin

Cai

Chen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The fraction of a contaminant that is released from the food matrix into the digestive fluid and is, therefore, available for intestinal absorption is the bio-accessible fraction of that component [7]. The bio-accessibility determination of contaminants ingested through food allows a better evaluation of the potential health risks and avoids overestimation [21,22]. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine, through a 24-h duplicate diet method, the bio-accessible fraction of lead, cadmium, and arsenic from the diet of preschool children attending two day care centers (DCC) in Sao Paulo, Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic Bioaccessibility of 24 h Duplicate Diet Ingested by Preschool Children Attending Day Care Centers in Brazil

Leroux

Ferreira

Paniz

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Lead, known as a metal with high neurotoxicity to children, cadmium, which is a carcinogenic and bioaccumulative contaminant, and arsenic, a class 1 carcinogenic according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, are toxic elements (TEs) whose relevant route of exposure may be diet. We determined the bio-accessible fraction of lead, cadmium, and arsenic from the diet of preschool children from two day care centers (DCC). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 64 one–four-year-old children from two DCCs where the 24-h duplicate diet samples were collected. The diet samples were analyzed by ICP-MS for lead, cadmium, and arsenic total concentrations (n = 64) and their bio-accessibility were analyzed for a subsample (n = 10). The dietary intake (DI) mean for lead, cadmium, and arsenic were 0.18 ± 0.11 µg kg−1 bw, 0.08 ± 0.04 µg kg−1 bw, and 0.61 ± 0.41 µg kg−1 bw, respectively. All DI calculated for TEs, considering total intake, were found lower than the tolerable limits (TL) (European Union, or World Health Organization, WHO, when applicable) except for one child’s Pb intake. Bio-accessibilities ranged between 0% to 93%, 0% to 103%, and 0% to 69%, for lead, cadmium, and arsenic, respectively. Although DI for TEs has been found lower than TL, these reference values have been recently decreased or withdrawn since it was for lead and arsenic whose TL were withdrawn by WHO.

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“…It is considered that 100% of the TM entering the body by ingestion is absorbed by the blood and found in the organs. Recent studies, however, show that some of the elements are not totally absorbed [13] [42] [43], which again represents an overestimation of risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risks Assessment in Three Urban Farms of Paris Region for Different Scenarios of Urban Agricultural Users: A Case of Soil Trace Metals Contamination

Barbillon¹,

Aubry²,

Nold³

et al. 2019

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Within the context of a worldwide emergence of various forms of urban agriculture, there is a growing awareness concerning the health risks associated to the presence of different pollutants influencing the urban products safety. Among the most common pollutants found in soils and vegetables grown in the city, Trace Metals (TM's) are of major concern. This paper deals with risks assessment associated with the presence of TM's in soil, via two main exposure path ways: soil and vegetables ingestions. Risks assessments were conducted for various types of real scenarios encountered in three forms of urban farms near Paris (Ile-de-France Region). The farms have soil TM's levels in abnormally high concentrations (Pb (Lead), Cd (Cadmium), Hg (Mercury), Cu (Copper) and Zn (Zinc) contents higher than geochemical backgrounds and threshold values for sludge spreading, often used as reference values in France). The results of the Hazard Quotient (HQ)-based risk assessment approach (HQ defined as the ratio of estimated daily intake/tolerable daily intake) show that the most risky scenarios concern urban farmers (HQ tot = 1.02, because of the on-site working on a daily basis all year round), children gardeners (HQ tot = 1.29) and regular children consumers (HQ tot = 1.6 in maximalist scenario, where the consumer would exclusively consume the vegetables of the farm). Next would be the adult gardener scenario (HQ tot = 0.9), while the least risky are adult consumer scenarios (HQ tot = 0.62) and the farm workers (HQ tot = 0.45). For the highest risk scenarios (urban farmers and children), specific and drastic measures may be considered, such as reducing the site frequentation by sensitive populations (child and

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Bioaccessibility of heavy metals in vegetables and its association with the physicochemical characteristics

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Investigation of bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in market vegetables in the colon using PBET combined with SHIME

Investigation of bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in market vegetables in the colon using PBET combined with SHIME

Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic Bioaccessibility of 24 h Duplicate Diet Ingested by Preschool Children Attending Day Care Centers in Brazil

Health Risks Assessment in Three Urban Farms of Paris Region for Different Scenarios of Urban Agricultural Users: A Case of Soil Trace Metals Contamination

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