Bioaccumulation of human pharmaceuticals in fish across habitats of a tidally influenced urban bayou

Du, Bowen; Haddad, Samuel P.; Luek, Andreas; Scott, William C.; Saari, Gavin N.; Burket, S. Rebekah; Breed, Christopher S.; Kelly, Martin H.; Broach, Linda; Rasmussen, Joseph B.; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.

doi:10.1002/etc.3221

Cited by 63 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, no citalopram was detected in plasma and muscle tissue (Grabicova et al, 2014). The reason for finding citalopram being accumulated in muscle tissue in our study might either be due to the fact that the exposure time was longer and the test concentrations were higher than those used in other studies (Grabicova et al, 2017;Grabicova et al, 2014;Sackerman et al, 2010) or result from a diverging accumulation pattern in brown trout compared to other fish species (Du et al, 2016).…”

Section: Bioconcentrationcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Impact of the antidepressant citalopram on the behaviour of two different life stages of brown trout

Knoll

Köhler

Tisler

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Over the last two decades, there has been a constant increase in prescription rates of antidepressants. In parallel, neuroactive pharmaceuticals are making their way into aquatic environments at increasing concentrations. Among the antidepressants detected in the environment citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is one of the most commonly found. Given citalopram is specifically designed to alter mood and behaviour in humans, there is growing concern it can adversely affect the behaviour on non-target wildlife Methods In our study, brown trout were exposed to citalopram (nominal concentrations: 1, 10, 100, 1000 µg/L) in two different life stages. Larvae were exposed at 7 and 11 °C from the eyed ova stage until 8 weeks post yolk sac consumption, and juvenile brown trout were exposed for 4 weeks at 7 °C. At both stages we measured mortality, weight, length, tissue citalopram concentration, behaviour during exposure and behaviour in a stressfull environment. For brown trout larvae additionally hatching rate and heart rate, and for juvenile brown trout the tissue cortisol concentration were assessed. Results During the exposure, both larvae and juvenile fish exposed to the highest test concentration of citalopram (1 mg/L) had higher swimming activity and spent longer in the upper part of the aquaria compared to control fish, which is an indicator for decreased anxiety. Most probably due to the higher swimming activity during the exposure, the juveniles and larvae exposed to 1 mg/L citalopram showed decreased weight and length. Additionally, in a stressful artificial swimming measurement device, brown trout larvae displayed the anxiolytic effect of the antidepressant by reduced swimming activity during this stress situation, already at concentrations of 100 µg/L citalopram. Chemical analysis of the tissue revealed rising citalopram tissue concentrations with rising exposure concentrations. Tissue concentrations were 10 times higher in juvenile fish compared to brown trout larvae. Fish plasma concentrations were calculated, which exceeded human therapeutic levels for the highest exposure concentration, matching the behavioural results. Developmental parameters like hatching rate and heart rate, as well as mortality and tissue cortisol content were unaffected by the antidepressant. Overall, we could trace the pharmacological mode of action of the antidepressant citalopram in the non-target organism brown trout in two different life stages.

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Section: Bioconcentrationcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Impact of the antidepressant citalopram on the behaviour of two different life stages of brown trout

Knoll

Köhler

Tisler

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…Juvenile inanga are fed on by other fish species such as trout , and are also found in the stomach contents of coastal birds . However, ionizable pharmaceuticals are not expected to appreciably biomagnify in aquatic systems . Therefore, when combined with the relatively low BCF values estimated in the present study and those reported in other studies with rainbow trout, the risk of secondary poisoning appears low.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Acute exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of diclofenac elicits oxidative stress in the culturally important galaxiid fish Galaxias maculatus

McRae

Glover

Burket

et al. 2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of growing concern in aquatic environments worldwide; nevertheless, knowledge of its effects on aquatic biota is restricted to a few model species with limited information regarding its mechanisms of impact. In the present study, diclofenac accumulation, its effects on metabolic rate, ionoregulation, and oxidative stress were examined at environmentally relevant (0.17 mg L À1 ) and elevated (763 mg L À1 ) concentrations in a culturally and economically important galaxiid fish, inanga (Galaxias maculatus), from the Southern Hemisphere. This species is among the most widespread freshwater fish in the world but its sensitivity to emerging contaminants is unknown. Following an acute 96-h exposure, bioconcentration of diclofenac was measured in the inanga whole-body, resulting in an estimated bioconcentration factor of 87 for the 0.17-mg L À1 exposure concentration, approaching values where transfer through the food chain should be considered. Lipid peroxidation in the liver was significantly elevated at both 0.17-and 763-mg L À1 exposure concentrations but lipid peroxidation in the kidney and gill decreased after diclofenac exposure. Catalase activity was also elevated in the liver of inanga but activity decreased in the gill. There were no effects of diclofenac on metabolic rate or ion (sodium and calcium) influx rates. These data indicate that toxicologically relevant adverse outcomes and bioconcentration of diclofenac at environmentally relevant levels warrant additional study in this important fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:224-235. C 2017 SETAC

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“…Of those antibiotics that are able to be phytoextracted, some have been shown to phytoconcentrate (Du et al, 2016). Those that phytoconcentrate can theoretically select for resistance in the microbiome of the plant as well as the organism that consumes/feed off the plant, despite apparently non-selective concentrations of antibiotics in the environment (Na et al, 2013; Azanu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Relevance Of Amr To Environmental Regulators?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment and Its Relevance to Environmental Regulators

et al. 2016

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The environment is increasingly being recognized for the role it might play in the global spread of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance. Environmental regulators monitor and control many of the pathways responsible for the release of resistance-driving chemicals into the environment (e.g., antimicrobials, metals, and biocides). Hence, environmental regulators should be contributing significantly to the development of global and national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) action plans. It is argued that the lack of environment-facing mitigation actions included in existing AMR action plans is likely a function of our poor fundamental understanding of many of the key issues. Here, we aim to present the problem with AMR in the environment through the lens of an environmental regulator, using the Environment Agency (England’s regulator) as an example from which parallels can be drawn globally. The issues that are pertinent to environmental regulators are drawn out to answer: What are the drivers and pathways of AMR? How do these relate to the normal work, powers and duties of environmental regulators? What are the knowledge gaps that hinder the delivery of environmental protection from AMR? We offer several thought experiments for how different mitigation strategies might proceed. We conclude that: (1) AMR Action Plans do not tackle all the potentially relevant pathways and drivers of AMR in the environment; and (2) AMR Action Plans are deficient partly because the science to inform policy is lacking and this needs to be addressed.

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Bioaccumulation of human pharmaceuticals in fish across habitats of a tidally influenced urban bayou

Cited by 63 publications

References 49 publications

Impact of the antidepressant citalopram on the behaviour of two different life stages of brown trout

Impact of the antidepressant citalopram on the behaviour of two different life stages of brown trout

Acute exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of diclofenac elicits oxidative stress in the culturally important galaxiid fish Galaxias maculatus

Review of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment and Its Relevance to Environmental Regulators

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