Bioaccumulation of TBT by Aquatic Organisms

Laughlin, Roy B.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1507-7_16

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Fig. 3, thus, constitutes a prime confirmation of the contention by Laughlin (1996) that biomonitors likely reflect the steady-state distribution of TBT in all compartments of the ecosystem rather than the concentration in a single one.…”

Section: Bioaccumulationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Biomonitoring organotin pollution with gastropods and mussels

Ruiz¹,

Barreiro²,

González³

2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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In order to compare their performance for the biomonitoring of organotin (OT) pollution, Galician (NW Spain) populations of gastropods Nassarius reticulatus and mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were sampled in 2000. Imposex (a set of sexual anomalies) in snails as well as the bioaccumulation of several OT species (mainly tributyltin [TBT]) in both invertebrates were determined. Imposex was related to TBT in female gastropod tissues in a biphasic manner, the slope changing markedly at around 200 ng Sn g -1 dry wt. OT compounds in both animal species were significantly correlated, mussels consistently accumulating more than gastropods; in addition, correlation coefficients considerably increased when outliers were excluded from computation with the aid of fine chemical speciation analyses. The expected decline of OT pollution can satisfactorily be recorded by means of monitoring concentrations in either mussels and/or gastropods. However, the use of the latter is favoured because their imposex response is an easily determined biomarker, which additionally provides useful insights into the biological impact of TBT.

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Section: Bioaccumulationsupporting

confidence: 66%

Biomonitoring organotin pollution with gastropods and mussels

Ruiz¹,

Barreiro²,

González³

2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Most research on TBT accumulation by marine invertebrates was concentrated on mollusks (bivalves) and crustaceans (decapods), because these groups dominate the ecological habitat and serve as important seafood resources (Laughlin 1996). Research conducted on TBT accumulation by marine invertebrates revealed that marine bivalves are able to accumulate significant amounts of TBT (up to > 5 μg g -1 ) (Laughlin 1996).…”

Section: Bioaccumulation In Marine Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marine bivalves are also able to accumulate significant amounts of TBT (up to 5 μg g -1 ). But fish and crustaceans accumulate much lower amounts, owing to their possession of efficient enzymatic mechanisms to degrade TBT (Laughlin 1996). Absorption in mice is also low, and TBT is mainly excreted unchanged via the feces.…”

Section: Bioaccumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Exposure, Biomarkers, and Fate of Organotins in the Environment

Okoro

Fatoki

Adekola

et al. 2011

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Organotin compounds result from the addition of organic moieties to inorganic tin.Thus, one or more tin-carbon bonds exist in each organotin molecule. The organo-tin compounds are ubiquitous in the environment. Organotin compounds have many uses, including those as fungicides and stabilizers in plastics, among others in industry. The widespread use of organotins as antifouling agents in boat paints has resulted in pollution of freshwater and marine ecosystems. The presence of organotin compounds in freshwater and marine ecosystems is now understood to be a threat, because of the amounts found in water and the toxicity of some organotin compounds to aquatic organisms, and perhaps to humans as well. Organotin com-pounds are regarded by many to be global pollutants of a stature similar to biphenyl,mercury, and the polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. This stature results from the high toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and endocrine disruptive features of even very low levels of selected organotin compounds.Efforts by selected governmental agencies and others have been undertaken to find a global solution to organotin pollution. France was the first country to ban the use of the organotins in 1980. This occurred before the international maritime organization (IMO) called for a global treaty to ban the application of tributyltin (TBT)-based paints. In this chapter, we review the organotin compounds with emphasis on the human exposure, fate, and distribution of them in the environment. The widespread use of the organotins and their high stability have led to contamination of some aquatic ecosystems. As a result, residues of the organotins may reach humans via food consumption. Notwithstanding the risk of human exposure, only limited data are available on the levels at which the organotins exist in foodstuffs consumed by humans. Moreover, the response of marine species to the organotins, such as TBT, has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, more data on the organotins and the consequences of exposure to them are needed. In particular, we believe the following areas need attention: expanded toxicity testing in aquatic species, human exposure, human body burdens, and the research to identify biomarkers for testing the toxicity of the organotins to marine invertebrates.

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“…Actually, the transport of MeHg across cell membrane appears to be mediated by glutathione and other small mobile thiol ligands (Richardson & Murphy 1975, Ballatori 1991. Such a carrier-medlated transport is not known to occur with TBT (Laughlin 1996). A model developed instead for trialkyltin compounds is based on the passive diffusion of neutral species (Pelletier 1995, and references t h e r e~n ) .…”

Section: Absorption and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and distribution of dietary tributyltin compared to those of methylmercury in the American plaice Hippoglossoides platessoides

Rouleau¹,

Gobeil²,

Tjälve³

1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT-Pharmacokinetics and distribution of a 5 pg dietary dose of tributyltin (ll3Sn-TBT) and methylmercury [Me2":'Hg) were studied over 4 2 d in the American plaice Hjppoglossoides platessoides, using in vivo gamma counting, whole-body autoradiography, and a 2-compartment model. The average retention efficiency of TBT was 42'!~,, compared with 88"; for Mcl-lg. Both organometals were distributed to the entire body of the fish. Distribution proceeded at a faster rate for TBT. 95'1; of the stcady state distribution being reached within 5 to 10 d. compared with 29 to 41 d for MeHg. Elimination of TBT was characterised by half-life values ranging from 15 to 77 d. Absorption of dietary TBT from the intestinal lumen appears to be limited by ~t s molecular size, whereas its fast translocatlon rate in the body of fish might be related to specific properties of the intestinal epithelium-blood interface or to cotransport with lipids. Our data also indicated that butyltins in the viscera were partitioned between 2 kinetically distinct pools; one that was eliminated rapidly and one that was stored or eliminated at a very slow rate, probably as a consequence of TBT metabolism. The overall biomagnification factor for the transfer of TBT from sediments to benthic invertebrates to the American plaice may be > l . This indicates that the trophic transfer of sedimentary TBT in the manne benthic food web is potentially significant.

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Bioaccumulation of TBT by Aquatic Organisms

Abstract: Tributyltin (TBT) is accumulated by all taxa that have been examined. Typical tissue

Cited by 22 publications

References 56 publications

Biomonitoring organotin pollution with gastropods and mussels

Biomonitoring organotin pollution with gastropods and mussels

Human Exposure, Biomarkers, and Fate of Organotins in the Environment

Pharmacokinetics and distribution of dietary tributyltin compared to those of methylmercury in the American plaice Hippoglossoides platessoides

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