1995
DOI: 10.1128/aem.61.1.152-158.1995
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Bioaccumulation of the Herbicide Diclofop in Extracellular Polymers and Its Utilization by a Biofilm Community during Starvation

Abstract: Continuous-flow cell systems were used to cultivate a degradative biofilm community with the herbicide diclofop methyl as the sole carbon and energy source. The aromatic character of this compound and its breakdown products enabled direct visualization of their accumulation in the biofilm matrix. This accumulation could be inhibited by addition of a more labile carbon source to the culture medium or by inhibition of cell activity. The fluorescence of diclofop-grown biofilms remained constant after 14 to 21 day… Show more

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Cited by 97 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…Cyanobacteria and most of the submerged micro-organisms produce EPS, which forms a continuous film, rich in amino acids, carboxyhydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids as well as mono-and polysaccharides (Reimann et al, 1966;Grady et al, 1999;Lawrence et al, 2003). EPS serve as a nutrient (Wolfaard et al, 1995) permitting the growth of both chemoorganotrophic and chemolithotrophic bacteria. Alkalophilic bacteria may absorb carbon derived from the organic component of the mucigel and even dissolve part of the early precipitated authigenic carbonates.…”
Section: Discussion and Outlooksupporting
confidence: 57%
“…Cyanobacteria and most of the submerged micro-organisms produce EPS, which forms a continuous film, rich in amino acids, carboxyhydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids as well as mono-and polysaccharides (Reimann et al, 1966;Grady et al, 1999;Lawrence et al, 2003). EPS serve as a nutrient (Wolfaard et al, 1995) permitting the growth of both chemoorganotrophic and chemolithotrophic bacteria. Alkalophilic bacteria may absorb carbon derived from the organic component of the mucigel and even dissolve part of the early precipitated authigenic carbonates.…”
Section: Discussion and Outlooksupporting
confidence: 57%
“…background levels, likely below the detection limit). The evidence presented for continued attached cell division together with the reduced rate of cell release from the biofilm for the duration of the carbon-limited period, may be indicative of the utilization of an alternate carbon reserve, such as the biofilm matrix (Wolfaardt et al 1995) or citrate reserves stored within the matrix and lends support to models suggesting that detachment rates correlate better with biofilm physiology than shear-related removal forces (Stewart 1993).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…Alternatively, accumulation of hydrophobic contaminants in bacterial cells may proceed via solubilization by extracellular polymers. For example, the herbicide diclofop, a chlorinated biaryl compound, and its aromatic breakdown products were shown to bioaccumulate in cell capsules of a biofilm microbial community (42).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Adriaens et al (2) recently investigated the effect of long-term (2 to 3 year) incubations on the availability and transformation of freshly spiked hepta-to pentaCDDs and dibenzofurans in sediments and calculated the half-lives of these compounds to be on the order of years. Alternatively, bioconcentration of historically present hydrophobic pollutants in microbiota may play a role in enhancing their natural microbial attenuation (9,42), according to the following rationale. Whereas bioconcentration of PCDDs and related compounds in animal and plant tissues has been extensively described (24,25,34,36), the high affinity of structurally similar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for microbial membrane lipids (phosphatidyl cholines) was only recently demonstrated (18).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%