Bioaccumulation Patterns of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Chlorinated Pesticides in Northwest Atlantic Pilot Whales

Weisbrod, Anne V.; Shea, Damian; Moore, Michael J.; Stegeman, John J.

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019<0667:bpopba>2.3.co;2

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Squid are known to be a preferred food source of common and white-sided dolphins in the New England area (Weisbrod et al, 2000). Analysis of the squid HOC extract by GCMS-ECNI using SIM showed the presence of all three MBPs discussed herein.…”

Section: Quantitation Of the Uhcsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Identification of highly brominated analogues of Q1 in marine mammals

Teuten

Pedler

Hangsterfer

et al. 2006

Environmental Pollution

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Capsule:Three compounds bioaccumulated in marine mammals were identified as C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl, C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 7 and C 9 H 4 N 2 Br 5 Cl and are proposed to be 1'-methyl-1,2'-bipyrrole natural products.Keywords: bioaccumulation, halogenated organic compound, high resolution mass spectrometry, halogenated bipyrrole.* Corresponding author phone: +1 (508) 289-2641; fax: +1 (508) 457-2146; email: eteuten@whoi.edu. 1 AbstractThree novel halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) have been identified in the blubber of marine mammals from coastal New England with the molecular formulae C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl, C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 7 , and C 9 H 4 N 2 Br 5 Cl. They were identified using high and low resolution electron ionization (EI) and electron capture negative ionization (ECNI) gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) and appear to be highly brominated analogues of Q1, a heptachlorinated HOC that has been suspected to be naturally-produced. These new compounds were found in Atlantic white sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and a potential food source (Loligo pealei) with concentrations as high as 2.7 μg/g (lipid weight). The regiospecificity of C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl is suggestive of a biogenic origin. Debromination of C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl may be significant in the formation of C 9 H 4 N 2 Br 5 Cl.

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Section: Quantitation Of the Uhcsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Identification of highly brominated analogues of Q1 in marine mammals

Teuten

Pedler

Hangsterfer

et al. 2006

Environmental Pollution

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“…In addition, marine mammals have long been recognized as sentinel species. The analysis of data and samples collected from stranded cetaceans and pinnipeds has also provided insights into ocean health (Duignan et al 1996, Weisbrod et al 2000, Nawojchik et al 2003, Shaw et al 2005, Wilson et al 2005, Gulland & Hall 2007, Harper et al 2007, LasekNesselquist et al 2008, Pangallo et al 2008. Data from the [2005][2006] portion of the present study (which covers 2000 to 2006) have been previously reported as part of a survey of live and dead marine mammals, fish, and birds , Lasek-Nesselquist et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Mortality trends of stranded marine mammals on Cape Cod and southeastern Massachusetts, USA, 2000 to 2006

Bogomolni¹,

Pugliares²,

Sharp³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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To understand the cause of death of 405 marine mammals stranded on Cape Cod and southeastern Massachusetts between 2000 and 2006, a system for coding final diagnosis was developed and categorized as (1) disease, (2) human interaction, (3) mass-stranded with no significant findings, (4) single-stranded with no significant findings, (5) rock and/or sand ingestion, (6) predatory attack, (7) failure to thrive or dependent calf or pup, or (8) other. The cause of death for 91 animals could not be determined. For the 314 animals that could be assigned a cause of death, gross and histological pathology results and ancillary testing indicated that disease was the leading cause of mortality in the region, affecting 116/314 (37%) of cases. Human interaction, including harassment, entanglement, and vessel collision, fatally affected 31/314 (10%) of all animals. Human interaction accounted for 13/29 (45%) of all determined gray seal Halichoerus grypus mortalities. Mass strandings were most likely to occur in northeastern Cape Cod Bay; 97/106 (92%) of mass stranded animals necropsied presented with no significant pathological findings. Mass strandings were the leading cause of death in 3 of the 4 small cetacean species: 46/67 (69%) of Atlantic white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus, 15/21 (71%) of long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas, and 33/54 (61%) of short-beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis. These baseline data are critical for understanding marine mammal population health and mortality trends, which in turn have significant conservation and management implications. They not only afford a better retrospective analysis of strandings, but ultimately have application for improving current and future response to live animal stranding.

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“…Blue whales feed exclusively on krill (Breton, 1986), while humpback whales feed heavily on small fish (Borobia, Gearing, Simard, Gearing, & Be´land, 1996;Weisbrod et al, 2000b). The different patterns of PCB congeners and DDT metabolites in blue and humpback whales could reflect differences in the patterns of these contaminants in fish and krill.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limited data from marine mammals indicate that persistent contaminants partition from the body of females through the placenta into the developing fetus (Gauthier, Pelletier, Brochu, Moore, Metcalfe, & Be´land, 1998;Tanabe, Tatsukawa, Maruyama, & Miyazaki, 1982;Weisbrod, Shea, Moore, & Stegeman, 2000b). Contaminants also partition from the female into maternal milk, which is consumed by the young prior to weaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%