Bioactive coating of zirconia toughened alumina ceramic implants improves cancellous osseointegration

Bartwal

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

et al. 2021

Advancement in nanotechnology supports system development to achieve rapid, affordable, and intelligent health management and has raised the urgent demand to explore multimodel affordable metal oxide nanostructures with the features of biocompatible tunable performance and scaled‐up processing. Keeping this as a motivation, zirconia nanostructures (Zr‐NSs) are emerging as nanostructures of choice for advanced biomedical applications due to affordable, scalable production, easy surface modifications, tunable surface morphology, multiphase stability, and acceptability by biological features such as biocompatibility, viability for bioactives, and a high isoelectric point of 9.5. Zr‐NSs, alone and in the form of hybrids, and nanocomposites have demonstrated notable high performance to develop next‐generation biosensors, implanted materials, and bioelectronics. However, their excellent salient features toward high‐performance biomedical system development are not well articulated in the form of a review. To overcome this knowledge gap, herein an attempt is made to summarize state‐of‐the‐art Zr‐NS preparation techniques as per targeted applications, surface functionalization of Zr‐NSs to achieve desired properties, and applications of Zr‐NSs in the field of biomedicine for health wellness. The challenges, possible solutions, and authors’ viewpoints considering prospects in mind are also part of this report.

Section: High‐performance Biomedical Applications Of Multimodel Zr‐nssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Multimodel Zirconia Nanosystems for High‐Performance Biomedical Applications

Bartwal

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

et al. 2021

Advanced Ceramic Materials

“…They exhibit pronounced resemblance to bone tissue minerals, excellent biocompatibility, good cell attachment properties for ensuring natural biodegradability, and bioresorption [98][99][100]. However, β-tricalcium phosphate is a bone substitute that has high biocompatibility, favorable resorption properties, and osteoconductivity [101][102][103]. In comparison with other bone substitutes, tricalcium phosphate, α-tricalcium phosphate (α-Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ), are two polymorphs of tricalcium phosphate (TCP).…”

Section: β-Tricalcium Phosphate Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Ceramic Materials for Dentistry

Mhadhbi¹,

Khlissa²,

Bouzidi³

2021

Dental ceramics constitute a heterogeneous group of materials with desirable optical and mechanical proprieties combined with chemical stability. They are inorganic non-metallic materials used in several applications. These materials are biocompatible to tissue, highly esthetic, with satisfying resistance to tensile and shear stress. Over the past years, several developments in new ceramic materials in dental restoration were achieved, including processing techniques and high mechanical properties. Thus, concepts on the structure and strengthening mechanisms of dental ceramic materials are also discussed. The dental practitioner requires best knowledge concerning indications, limitations, and correct use of started materials. The purpose of this book chapter is to overview advances in new ceramic materials and processes, which are used in dentistry. The properties of these materials are also discussed.

“…However, bone ingrowth can also be observed in ceramic implants when they are coated with a harder, bioactive material. One in vivo study on bioceramic implantation in sheep found that covalent binding to phosphate molecules on one implant and 20 nm hydroxyapatite coating on another both produced strong osseointegration on the implant surface (Pobloth et al, 2019). Twelve weeks after operation, ultimate tensile strength of these bioactive implants was sevenfold that of the uncoated prostheses (Pobloth et al, 2019).…”

Section: Osseointegration In Ceramic Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials Used in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

Kenney¹,

Garner²

2021

Preprint

Total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA and TKA) represent two of the most successful operations in orthopedics. For a total hip or knee prosthesis to function successfully, it must transfer mechanical loads up to seven times the individual's body weight from the axial skeleton to the lower extremities with minimal friction and wear. This is achieved by constructing prostheses from integrated components of different mechanical properties: a shock-absorbing and low-friction interface between the native joint and implant; a harder and stronger piece supporting the deformable interface, and an anchor securing the implant and transferring loads to the native bone.As early as the 1960s, polymers such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were known to perform successfully at the joint-implant interface. Both ceramics and metals have historically been used for the main support of the implant, although metals and especially titanium alloys have taken preference in recent years. Recently, a flood of innovations has allowed material scientists to maximize the mechanical properties of these materials to increase mechanical strength, adjust elasticity, and improve biocompatibility. These innovations include the development of metal alloys and ceramic composites, reinforcement with carbon nanotubes and hydroxyapatite, antioxidant doping, gamma radiation-induced crosslinking, and bioactive coatings. Today, not only the mechanical properties but also the wear resistance and osseointegration of total hip and knee implants are far improved. This has led to better mechanical and physiological integration of the implants with the body and the necessary durability for younger patients' more active lifestyles. In this paper, these innovations will be explored within the framework of implant mechanics to provide a comparative assessment of current materials' mechanical capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages.