Bioactive components of velvet antlers and their pharmacological properties

Sui, Zhigang; Zhang, Lihua; Huo, Yushu; Zhang, Yukui

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2013.07.044

Cited by 111 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Li and Suttie [15] described the histology of the pedicle skin formation and its transformation to AV. Surprisingly, although there are several studies regarding velvet constituents [1,16,23,24, 34], we could not find any detailed histological characterisation of the AV.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Antler velvet is thicker in adult than in yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus): a histological study

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Antler velvet is thicker in adult than in yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus): a histological study

et al. 2017

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“…Hydroxyproline is one of three predominant amino acids constituting collagen, a major protein in deer bone extract. Ganglioside is an important component in velvet antler and serves as the quality index of velvet antler [18]. Therefore, we also determined the ganglioside (1.03 mg/g) and chondroitin sulfate (73.74 µg/g).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gangliosides from deer bone extract on the gene expressions of matrix metalloproteinases and collagen type II in interleukin-1β-induced osteoarthritic chondrocytes

Suh

Lee

Min³

et al. 2016

Nutr Res Pract

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESWe investigated the anti-osteoarthritic effects of deer bone extract on the gene expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen type II (COL2) in interleukin-1β-induced osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes.MATERIALS/METHODSPrimary rabbit chondrocytes were treated as follows: CON (PBS treatment), NC (IL-1β treatment), PC (IL-1β + 100 µg/mL glucosamine sulphate/chondroitin sulphate mixture), and DB (IL-1β + 100 µg/mL deer bone extract).RESULTSThe results of the cell viability assay indicated that deer bone extract at doses ranging from 100 to 500 µg/mL inhibits cell death in chondrocytes induced by IL-1β. Deer bone extract was able to significantly recover the mRNA expression of COL2 that was down-regulated by IL-1β (NC: 0.79 vs. DB: 0.87, P < 0.05) and significantly decrease the mRNA expression of MMP-3 (NC: 2.24 vs. DB: 1.75) and -13 (NC: 1.28 vs. DB: 0.89) in OA chondrocytes (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSWe concluded that deer bone extract induces accumulation of COL2 through the down-regulation of MMPs in IL-1β-induced OA chondrocytes. Our results suggest that deer bone extract, which contains various components related to OA, including chondroitin sulphate, may possess anti-osteoarthritic properties and be of value in inhibiting the pathogenesis of OA.

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“…As a traditional medicine, sika deer antlers have been used in East Asia more than two thousand years, which could nourish Yin, tonify the kidney [14]. Previous studies also have suggested that sika deer antlers have bioactive components, such as protein, polysaccharides, phospholipids, amino acids, mineral elements, fatty acids [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effect of Sika Deer Antler Protein on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Vitro and in Vivo

Sun¹,

Yang²,

Ruan³

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck) antler is traditional animal medicine of renal protection in East Asia. This study measured the effect of sika deer antler protein (SDAPR) on gentamicin (GM)-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells, and investigated the effect of SDAPR against GM-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Methods: HEK293 cells viability and oxidative stress were measured in HEK293 cells while flow cytometry was used for apoptosis analysis. The acute kidney injury biomarkers, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin c (Cys-C), were repeatedly measured by ELISA assay. ICR male mice were randomly assigned six groups: Control, GM with vehicle, single SDAPR, GM with SDAPR at three concentrations 50, 100, 200 mg/kg/d, p.o., 10 d. GM was injected for 8 consecutive days (100 mg/kg/d, i.p.). Renal function, oxidative stress and levels of inflammatory factors were measured in vivo. Renal tissues were stained with H&E to observe pathological changes. Results: Pretreatment with SDAPR (0.5-4.0 mg/mL) significantly improved cell viability. Treatment with SDAPR could reduce KIM-1, NGAL and Cys-C activity. SDAPR could improve antioxidant defense and attenuated apoptosis on HEK293 cells. SDAPR also ameliorated GM-induced histopathologic changes, and decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr). Additionally, SDAPR significantly regulated oxidative stress marker and interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: These results show that SDAPR could be an effective dietary supplement to relieve GM-induced nephrotoxicity by improved antioxidase activity, suppressed inflammation, and inhibited apoptosis in vitro and vivo.

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Bioactive components of velvet antlers and their pharmacological properties

Cited by 111 publications

References 51 publications

Antler velvet is thicker in adult than in yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus): a histological study

Antler velvet is thicker in adult than in yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus): a histological study

Effects of gangliosides from deer bone extract on the gene expressions of matrix metalloproteinases and collagen type II in interleukin-1β-induced osteoarthritic chondrocytes

The Protective Effect of Sika Deer Antler Protein on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Vitro and in Vivo

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