Objective: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a transmembrane protein with cytoplasmic kinase activity, transduces growth factor signaling from the extracellular space to the cell. EGFR downstream signaling increases proliferation and reduces apoptosis. Agents that are targeted at intracellular tyrosine kinase are tyrosine kinase inhibitor small molecules, which have a mechanism of action that affects adenosine triphosphate binding to the receptor. The exploration of bioactive compounds from marine materials, including marine fungi, has become a major interest lately for anticancer treatment.
Methods:In this research, a database was created and in silico screening was conducted using AutoDock and Vina to obtain potential marine fungi bioactive compounds as EGFR-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) inhibitors, which act as antiproliferative agents on tumor cell growth.
Results:This research has concluded that the three marine fungi compounds with the lowest binding free energy, FU0015, FU0051, and FU0202, have great potential as inhibitors of EGFR-TK.Keywords: Marine fungi compounds, Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase, Virtual screening, AutoDock, Vina, Antiproliferative.
INTRODUCTIONEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important target in the process of reducing tumor growth. More than 60% of non-small cell lung cancers express EGFR [1]. EGFR downstream signaling increases proliferation and angiogenesis and reduces apoptosis [2]. The overexpression of EGFR has been detected in the majority of human carcinomas [3].Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are one of four classes of anti-EGFR agents used for cancer therapy [4]. In 2015, gefitinib (one of the TKIs) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an inhibitor of EGFR [5]. In addition to synthetic drugs, natural products have an important role in cancer therapy. Chemical compounds from natural products can be potential new medicines. The exploration of bioactive compounds from marine materials, including marine fungi, has become a major activity lately for anticancer treatment. Currently, there are anticancer compounds from marine fungal metabolites that have entered clinical trials. One of the alkaloid compounds, plinabulin, is a modified structure based on the (-)-phenylahistin metabolites of the terrestrial and marine fungi Aspergillus ustus [6]. As the development of microbiology technology increases in the future, the availability of microorganisms such as marine fungi will increase and the costs of production will be reduced. Therefore, bioactive compounds of marine fungi have the potential to be new drug compounds [7]. A database of active compounds was created to ease in silico and in vitro research further.In silico research can support conventional research (wet lab) that is relatively expensive and takes time [8]. AutoDock (Automatic Docking) is widely used to predict the complex of a biomolecular structure or to perform functional analysis and molecular design. AutoDock uses a grid-based method to rapidly evalu...