Bioactive compounds from some Kenyan ethnomedicinal plants: Myrsinaceae, Polygonaceae and Psiadia punctulata

Midiwo, Jacob O.; Yenesew, Abiy; Juma, Bernard F.; Derese, Solomon; Ayoo, Janet A; Aluoch, Austin O.; Guchu, Salome M

doi:10.1023/a:1026029609500

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These classes of compounds are well known for their antioxidant effects [4]. Midiwo et al [5] described the wide use of Polygonaceae as ethnobotanical treatments for a variety of wounds and ailments, including as anthelminthics. Specifically, four Polygonum spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium

et al. 2021

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Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium, which grows in the wetlands of Iraq. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant yielded two chalcones, 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone and 2′,5′-dimethoxy-4′,6′-dihydroxychalcone, and two flavanones, 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavanone. The chalcones showed a good antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity while the flavanones were inactive. The EC50 values for 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (0.5 μg/mL), T. congolense (2.5 μg/mL), and Leishmania mexicana (5.2 μg/mL) indicated it was the most active of the compounds. None of the compounds displayed any toxicity against a human cell line, even at 100 µg/mL, or cross-resistance with first line clinical trypanocides, such as diamidines and melaminophenyl arsenicals. Taken together, our study provides significant data in relation to the activity of chalcones and flavanones from P. salicifolium against both parasites in vitro. Further future research is suggested in order to investigate the mode of action of the extracted chalcones against the parasites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, four Polygonum spp. were mentioned, with applications against ectoparasites and syphilis among other uses [5,6]. Polygonum acuminatum Kunth has also been reported to possess antimalarial properties [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium

et al. 2021

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“…The presence of antimicrobial agents in acetone leaf wash of Psiadia punctulata, active against Staph aureus and Salmonella typhi makes the plant invaluable as a source of a home remedy in eradication of mastitis manifestation in dairy cows. been used as a remedy for colds, headache and abdominal pains [7]. Maasai use the leaf decoction to get rid of fleas from calves [8] (Henke, 1994) while a report by Maurice., et al (1999) [9] details on the use of the leaf decoction of Psiadia punctulata for the treatment of venereal diseases and as a tonic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Psiadia punctulata Trachylobane Diterpenes Against Mastitis Pathogens

Om¹,

Sm²,

Jc³

2020

Act Scie Nutr

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“…For example, the leaves and roots of Psiadia punctulata Vatke (PP) are used as analgesics, expectorant, antimicrobial and antiparasitic remedies [14]. Phytochemical investigations of PP have proposed a number of biologically active compounds including diterpenes, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, coumarins and terpenoids [13, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psiadia punctulata major flavonoids alleviate exaggerated vasoconstriction produced by advanced glycation end products

et al. 2019

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Exaggerated vasoconstriction plays important roles in vascular complication in aging and many diseases like diabetes. Here, we investigated the protective effect of Psiadia punctulata (PP) on advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced aggravated vasoconstriction. The effect of total methanol extract of PP leaves (PPT) on AGE-induced vascular injury was studied through bioassay-guided fractionation procedures in order to find the bioactive fraction and isolate the bioactive compounds. Vascular reactivity was studied using the isolated artery technique by adding cumulative concentrations of phenylephrine (PE) or acetyl choline (ACh). In addition, the antiglycating effect, as well as the effect on AGEs intermediates dityrosine and N`-formylkynurenine and their radical scavenging activity were measured. The results showed that PPT alleviated the AGEs-induced aggravated vasoconstriction in a concentration-dependent manner. The bioassay guided fractionation procedures suggested the chloroform fraction (Fr I) to be responsible for the activity. Chemical investigation of this fraction resulted in isolation of four major bioactive compounds that were identified as: umuhengerin ( 1 ), gardenin ( 2 ), luteolin-3`,4`-dimethyl ether ( 3 ), and 5,3`-dihydroxy-6,7,4`,5`-tetramethoxyflavone ( 4 ). The four compounds alleviated the exaggerated vasoconstriction in a dose dependent manner. In search for their mechanism of action, we observed that PPT, Fr. I and the isolated compounds did not improve the impaired vasodilation associated with AGEs exposure. PPT, Fr. I and the isolated compounds 1 – 4 inhibited AGEs formation and their protein oxidation intermediates. Furthermore, PPT, Fr. I and the isolated compounds 1 – 4 showed weak radical scavenging activity with compound 4 as the most potent. In conclusion, PPT appears to protect against AGEs-induced exaggerated vasoconstriction through antiglycation and radical scavenging activities.

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Bioactive compounds from some Kenyan ethnomedicinal plants: Myrsinaceae, Polygonaceae and Psiadia punctulata

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium

Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium

Bioactive Psiadia punctulata Trachylobane Diterpenes Against Mastitis Pathogens

Psiadia punctulata major flavonoids alleviate exaggerated vasoconstriction produced by advanced glycation end products

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