Bioactive Nanocomposites Composed of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles and 58S Bioactive Glass: Synthesis, Characterization, Bioactivity Evaluation and Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>One of the main strategies to facilitate bone defect healing is the application of a variety of biological materials such as ceramic-based implants and scaffolds. Bioactive glasses are recognized as the favorable biomaterials in bone tissue engineering since they can quickly form a bond with both hard and soft tissues. In this study, novel bioactive nanocomposites based on 58S bioactive glass in composite with various weight percent of magnesium oxide nanoparticles were prepared. DLS measurements represented that 98.1% of 58S glass particles possessed the particle size between 70 and 200 nm. The bioactivity of nanocomposite powders was evaluated through immersion of samples in the simulated body fluid (SBF) at different time intervals of 14 and 28 days. Moreover, the nanocomposite samples were characterized in terms of morphology, phase structure and functional groups using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) before and after soaking in the SBF solution. It was found that hydroxyapatite was formed on the surface of all nanocomposites after soaking in the SBF solution, although they bioactivity decreased with an increase in the amount of MgO nanoparticles from 15 wt. % to 25 wt. %. Moreover, antibacterial activity of the produced nanocomposites against MRSA bacteria was investigated and the results showed that 58S-15Mg exhibited the highest bactericidal activity.</jats:p>