Bioactive Phytochemicals in Vegetables

Shahidi, Fereidoon; Chandrasekara, Anoma; Zhong, Ying

doi:10.1002/9780470958346.ch6

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…TR extract was found to contain 24 phenolic compounds, among, which kaempferol‐3‐(caffeoyldiglucoside)‐7‐glucoside (983.7 µg/ml), followed by p‐coumaroyl‐4‐glucoside (905.6 µg/ml) and daidzein‐ O ‐sulfate (808.3 µg/ml) were present in high amounts. Kaempferol and coumaroyl glucosides present in leafy vegetables have been reported to possess several beneficial effects (Shahidi, Chandrasekara, & Zhong, ). Daidzein‐ O ‐sulfate is metabolized in the gut and liver and transformed into water‐soluble products, which affects transcriptional and anti‐proliferative activity in cultured human cancer cells (Totta et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no significant difference in the amount of GSH among NC (7.01 ± 0.1 µmol/g, mean ± standard deviation) and EC (5.9 ± 0.72 µmol/g) groups. In the PC group, the amount of GSH was significantly (p < 0.05) lower (2.06 ± 0.5 µmol/g) as compared to con- Kaempferol and coumaroyl glucosides present in leafy vegetables have been reported to possess several beneficial effects (Shahidi, Chandrasekara, & Zhong, 2018). Daidzein-O-sulfate is metabolized in the gut and liver and transformed into water-soluble products, which affects transcriptional and anti-proliferative activity in cultured human cancer cells (Totta et al, 2005).…”

Section: Necrosis With Mild Inflammatory Cells Was Noted Mild Hepato-mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of phenolic compounds from aqueous extract of Trifolium repens against acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Ahmad

Zeb

2019

J Food Biochem

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The aqueous extract of Trifolium repens (TR) leaves was analyzed for the phenolic profile using reversed phase HPLC‐DAD and administered to mice against acetaminophen‐induced hepatoxicity. Twenty‐four phenolic compounds were identified and quantified. The highest amounts present were of kaempferol‐3‐(caffeoyldiglucoside)‐7‐glucoside (983.7 µg/ml), followed by p‐coumaroyl‐4‐glucoside (905.6 µg/ml) and daidzein‐O‐sulfate (808.3 µg/ml). The aqueous extract was administered to mice along with acetaminophen at different doses. Acetaminophen was found to significantly alter body weight, serum biochemistry, and hematological indices of mice, which were ameliorated by the co‐administration of aqueous extract. Liver histopathological studies revealed that acetaminophen significantly induced toxicity, while TR aqueous extract provides curative functions. Lipid peroxidation and total reduced glutathione in the liver were also normalized by the aqueous extract of TR. The aqueous extract of TR was rich in important phenolic compounds, which can be used as a source of beneficial bioactive compounds with hepato‐protective function. Practical applications Acetaminophen has been widely used as antipyretic and analgesic. However, the major complication reported is hepatotoxicity. Synthetic or conventional drugs used for hepatic diseases or against hepatotoxicity are insufficient and causes severe side effects. For this purpose, traditional medicinal plants or nutraceuticals are used to decrease in the side effects of different hepatotoxic medicine are demanding. Food and neutraceuticals are rich in important polyphenolic compounds which are the best antioxidants. This study was aimed to evaluate the phenolic composition of aqueous extract of Trifolium repens and its potential protective action against the acetaminophen‐induced toxicity in mice. This study showed for the first time that the aqueous extract of TR was protective against the hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Necrosis With Mild Inflammatory Cells Was Noted Mild Hepato-mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of phenolic compounds from aqueous extract of Trifolium repens against acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Ahmad

Zeb

2019

J Food Biochem

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“…; Shahidi et al . ). Nasunin, an acylated anthocyanin present in eggplant peel, is implicated both in the inhibition of reactive species production and superoxide scavenging activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Total Monomeric Anthocyanin, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) Peel Using Ultrasonic Treatments

Dranca

Oroian

2015

J Food Process Engineering

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Eggplant peel is a less studied source in terms of bioactive compound extraction from industrial residues, although its high content of anthocyanin and phenolic compounds is known. The method described here uses three different solvents, namely ethanol, methanol and 2-propanol, for phenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity extraction. The extraction yields of total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), total phenolic compound (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) from eggplant peel were optimized by varying the frequency, temperature and time of ultrasonic treatment. The influence of interactions between process parameters on extraction efficiency was also studied. The highest concentrations achieved were 7.842 g/100g in the case of TPC (2-propanol, 45 kHz, 60°C for 40 min), 2,275 mg/kg in the case of TMA (methanol, 45 kHz, 50°C for 50 min) and 10.18 μM Trolox/kg in the case of AA (methanol, 0 kHz, 60°C for 20 min). The suitable parameters to achieve the highest concentration of antioxidants were determined for each solvent as follows: ethanol -28.8 kHz, 67.1°C and 49.5 min; methanol -45 kHz, 50°C and 53.75 min; and 2-propanol -30.6 kHz, 70°C and 60 min. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study presents a significant improvement in eggplant peel extraction using ultrasonic-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds. During ultrasonication, the extraction of bioactive compounds in eggplant peel increases because the solvent has been energized. The ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds is a fast, economical and green alternative to the current techniques used in the extraction industry.

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“…Several epidemiological studies have been shown that plant foods, rich in phenolic compounds are protective against several deadly diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases (Shahidi et al 2011; Manach et al 2005). A number of studies have shown that phenolic compounds possess antioxidant properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating role of thymoquinone rich fractions from Nigella sativa oil and its constituents, thymoquinone and limonene on lipidemic-oxidative injury in rats

Ahmad

Beg

2014

SpringerPlus

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Therapeutic role of Nigella sativa (NS) seed oil fractions, methanolic extract (ME) and volatile oil (VO) and their constituents, thymoquinone (TQ) and limonene (LMN) in relation to lipidemic-oxidative stress in Wistar rats was determined. The total phenolic contents of NS seed oil and their ME and VO extracts were 320.00 ± 3.00, 300.12 ± 0.04 and 288.41 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of NS oil, respectively. Their Fe+2 chelating activities were 870.00 ± 2.00, 222.31 ± 5.80 and 38.59 ± 1.43 mg EDTA equivalents per 100 g of NS oil, respectively. These fractions and compounds exhibited strong antioxidant activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl, 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radicals. Potential antiperoxidative effects of these fractions and compounds were also observed in liposome, and lipidemic-induced lipid peroxidation in atherogenic suspension fed rats, pretreated with 100 mg ME, 20 mg VO, 10 mg pure TQ or 200 mg LMN for 30 days. ME containing ω-6 linoleic acid and palmitic acid natural compounds was highly effective against lipidemic oxidative stress than VO extract possessing thymol and isothymol phenolic natural antioxidant compounds. TQ, principal compound shared to both the extracts. The test fractions and compounds effectively reduced the erythrocyte and liver lipid peroxidation markers, conjugated diene, lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde to near normal levels in the order ME > TQ > VO > LMN, by directly counteracting free radicals as well as suppressing hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity. Our findings demonstrated that these natural products, preferably ME possess significant antioxidant activities, and may be recommended as new potential sources of natural antioxidants.

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Bioactive Phytochemicals in Vegetables

Cited by 15 publications

References 221 publications

Effects of phenolic compounds from aqueous extract of Trifolium repens against acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Effects of phenolic compounds from aqueous extract of Trifolium repens against acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Total Monomeric Anthocyanin, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) Peel Using Ultrasonic Treatments

Mitigating role of thymoquinone rich fractions from Nigella sativa oil and its constituents, thymoquinone and limonene on lipidemic-oxidative injury in rats

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