Bioactive Polymers and Nanobiomaterials Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering

Khan, Ferdous; Ahmad, S. R.

doi:10.1002/9781118810408.ch5

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…[11,12] However, at present bone and cartilage tissue engineering strategies have largely failed in the attempt to regenerate these tissues due in part to the incapacity of generating 3D scaffolds with adequate biomechanical properties. [13,14] A promising development in tissue engineering is the use of addictive manufacturing (AM) to fabricate architecturally complex and multimaterial structures. The layer-by-layer manufacturing of scaffolds including biomaterials with cells, termed 3D bioprinting, has allowed the production of structures which begin to mimic the complexity of tissues and organs.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/mame201800173mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process‐Driven Microstructure Control in Melt‐Extrusion‐Based 3D Printing for Tailorable Mechanical Properties in a Polycaprolactone Filament

Liu

Vyas

Poologasundarampillai

et al. 2018

Macro Materials & Eng

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3D printing techniques are utilized to produce biomaterial scaffolds with porous architectures that enable cell attachment, biological factors, and appropriate mechanical strength. As the basic building block of a scaffold, the individual filaments should have sufficient mechanical properties, comprising high compressive loading, and fracture resistance to mimic the natural tissue organisation. In this contribution, process–structure–property relationships in melt extruded polycaprolactone filaments are investigated by considering crystalline features, tensile properties, and an array of processing parameters. The tensile properties of the filaments are improved significantly with relatively higher screw rotational speed and relatively lower processing temperature resulting in considerable increase in Young's modulus. The favorable properties are attributed to the increased crystal volume fraction and anisotropy. Thus, this study provides initial pathways for the potential control of mechanical properties of bioscaffolds via engineering crystalline structural features in printed filaments.

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Section: Doi: 101002/mame201800173mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process‐Driven Microstructure Control in Melt‐Extrusion‐Based 3D Printing for Tailorable Mechanical Properties in a Polycaprolactone Filament

Liu

Vyas

Poologasundarampillai

et al. 2018

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…There is also no concern of immunogenicity or the presence of pathogenic agents. Non-degradable polymers such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene have been used in the production of acetabular cups used in total hip arthroplasty [ 17 ]. Over the past decade, degradable polymer bone substitutes have been used more and more since it is ideal to have a synthetic graft that is completely resorbed leaving no foreign material behind.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Grafts in Trauma and Orthopaedics

Archunan¹,

Petronis²

2021

Cureus

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Worldwide, there are millions of patients each year suffering from bone-related illness due to trauma, degenerative diseases, infections or oncology that require orthopaedic intervention involving bone grafts. This literature review aims to analyse the characteristics of the different bone grafts: autografts, allografts and synthetic bone substitutes. The review will assess their medical value based on their effectiveness as well as scrutinising any drawbacks. The goal is to identify which options can give the optimal result for a patient being treated for a bone defect.Bone autografts remain the gold standard since there are no issues with histocompatibility or disease transmission while possessing the ideal characteristics: osteogenicity, osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. However, synthetic options such as calcium phosphate ceramics are becoming popular as a viable alternative for treatment since they can be produced in desired quantitates and yield excellent results while not having the problem of donor site morbidity as seen with autografts. Furthermore, advancements in fields such as bone tissue engineering and three-dimensional printing are generating promising results and could provide a path for excellent treatment in the future. The emergence of such innovations highlights the importance and the constant need for improvement in bone grafting.

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Fabrication of quaternary composite scaffold from silk fibroin, chitosan, gelatin, and alginate for skin regeneration

Sharma

Dinda

Potdar

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Quaternary composite scaffold consisting of chitosan, alginate, gelatin, and silk fibroin, was fabricated by applying foaming method, for tissue engineering applications. The fabricated scaffold was evaluated for its applicability in skin tissue regeneration. The environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) showed the presence of interconnected pores, mostly spread over the entire surface of the scaffold with mean pore size 92611.8 lm and the porosity 88%. The scaffold showed good mechanical stability under physiological conditions as determined by short term mechanical stability testing. In vitro scaffold-degradation study showed no degradation at day 1 and from day 3 scaffold starts degrading. The degradation of the composite scaffold after 28 days was 38%. Less degradation rate of the scaffold might be beneficial, as it can provide sufficient time for the formation of neo-tissue and extracellular matrix (ECM) during tissue regeneration. In vitro cell culture studies by seeding L929 mouse fibroblast cells over composite scaffold showed good cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion as indicated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay and ESEM of cell-scaffold construct. Giemsa staining of L929 fibroblast cells over the scaffold showed fibroblastic morphology of L929 cells, having elongated cells with nuclei and faint cytoplasm, and these cells are positive for Oil Red stain and negative for Alizarin Red staining-indicating that they maintained their dermal fibroblastic phenotype and were not differentiated into any other cell types in presence of composite scaffold. Results of histological staining supports growth and viability of L929 fibroblasts over scaffold, thereby proving the great prospective of this scaffold for skin tissue engineering applications.

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Bioactive Polymers and Nanobiomaterials Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering

Cited by 4 publications

References 105 publications

Process‐Driven Microstructure Control in Melt‐Extrusion‐Based 3D Printing for Tailorable Mechanical Properties in a Polycaprolactone Filament

Process‐Driven Microstructure Control in Melt‐Extrusion‐Based 3D Printing for Tailorable Mechanical Properties in a Polycaprolactone Filament

Bone Grafts in Trauma and Orthopaedics

Fabrication of quaternary composite scaffold from silk fibroin, chitosan, gelatin, and alginate for skin regeneration

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