Bioactive Substances of Potato Juice Reveal Synergy in Cytotoxic Activity against Cancer Cells of Digestive System Studied In Vitro

Abstract

More and more literature data indicate the health-promoting effect of potato juice (PJ). However, to date, it has not been precisely explained which of the many compounds present in PJ exhibit biological activity. The work aimed to establish the antiproliferative effect of gastrointestinal digested PJ and the products of its processing. Fresh PJs derived from three edible potato varieties, industrial side stream resulting from starch production, partially deproteinized PJ derived from feed protein production line, and three different potato protein preparations subjected to digestion in the artificial gastrointestinal tract were used in this study. The cytotoxic potential of glycoalkaloids (GAs), phenolic acids, digested PJ, and products of PJ processing was determined in human normal and cancer cells derived from the digestive system. The results showed that GAs exhibit concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against all analyzed cell lines. In contrast, phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, and chlorogenic acid) do not show cytotoxicity in the applied cell lines. A correlation between cytotoxic potency and GAs content was found in all PJ products studied. The most potent effects were observed under treatment with deproteinized PJ, a product of industrial processing of PJ, distinguished by the highest effective activity among the fresh juice products studied. Moreover, this preparation revealed a favorable cytotoxicity ratio towards cancer cells compared to normal cells. Statistical analysis of the obtained results showed the synergistic effect of other bioactive substances contained in PJ and its products, which may be crucial in further research on the possibility of using PJ as a source of compounds of therapeutic importance.

Targeting Cancers: Uncovering the Potential Roles of Potato Tissue Culture as Anti-Cancer Agents — A Secondary Publication

“…It was discovered that α-chaconine was more effective than α-solanine. α-Chaconine induced apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells by activating caspase-3 and inhibiting ERK 1/2 phosphorylation, and it reduced lung cancer metastasis in vitro by suppressing the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/NF-kB signaling pathway and that LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells died more quickly and were less likely to survive when they were exposed to β-chaconine and gallic acid found in potato extracts [84] . However, a recent investigation revealed that potato glycoalkaloids had little apoptotic activity and a cytotoxic impact comparable to other cancer medications.…”

Advances in Biological Activities and Application of Plant Extracts

“…Alkaloids represent a wide range of nitrogen-containing compounds found in plants, often being associated with specific physiological activities. These compounds contribute to the characteristic flavours and aromas of certain food ingredients and are increasingly recognised for their potential health-promoting properties [17]. Several alkaloids are responsible for different flavours in various food products.…”

Deproteinized Leaf Juice (DPJ): A Sustainable Resource for Nutrition, Medicine, and Agriculture

“…• In the food industry, DPJ may find applications as a functional ingredient in the development of health-promoting products (Kowalczewski et al, 2022).…”