Bioactivity of essential oils extracted from Cupressus macrocarpa branchlets and Corymbia citriodora leaves grown in Egypt

Abstract

BackgroundCupressus macrocarpa Hartw and Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson, widely grown in many subtropical areas, are used for commercial purposes, such as in perfumery, cosmetics, and room fresheners. Their potential as a source of antimicrobial compounds may be useful in different applications.MethodsThe chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from C. macrocarpa branchlets and C. citriodora leaves was analyzed by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antibacterial and antifungal activities were assessed by the micro-dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs), and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). Further, the antioxidant capacity of the EOs was determined via 2,2′-diphenypicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays.ResultsTerpinen-4-ol (23.7%), α-phellandrene (19.2%), α-citronellol (17.3%), and citronellal were the major constituents of EO from C. macrocarpa branchlets, and α-citronellal (56%), α-citronellol (14.7%), citronellol acetate (12.3%), isopulegol, and eucalyptol were the primary constituents of EO from C. citriodora leaves. Antibacterial activity with MIC values of EO from C. citriodora leaves was ranged from 0.06 mg/mL to 0.20 mg/mL, and MBC from 0.12 mg/mL against E. coli to 0.41 mg/mL. EO from C. macrocarpa branchlets showed less activity against bacterial strains. The MIC values against tested fungi of the EO from C. citriodora ranged from 0.11 to 0.52 mg/mL while for EO from C. macrocarpa from 0.29 to 3.21 mg/mL. The MIC and MFC values of EOs against P. funiculosum were lower than those obtained from Ketoconazole (KTZ) (0.20; 0.45; 0.29 and 0.53 mg/mL, respectively, vs 0.21 and 0.41 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity of the EO from C. citriodora was higher than that of the positive control but lower than that of the standard butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) (IC50 = 5.1 ± 0.1 μg/mL).ConclusionThe results indicate that the EO from Egyptian trees such as C. citriodora leaves may possesses strong bactericidal and fungicidal activities and can be used as an agrochemical for controlling plant pathogens and in human disease management which will add crop additive value.

Toxicological Activity of Some Plant Essential Oils Against Tribolium castaneum and Culex pipiens Larvae

“…Analysis of the EOs was performed using an Agilent 6890 gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) equipped with an Agilent mass spectrometry detector with a direct capillary interface and HP-5MS fused silica capillary column (30 m × 0.32 mm × 0.25 µm film thickness) (Thermo Scientific, Austin, TX, USA). The program temperature and samples were carried out following previous published works [41,42]. Identification of the constituents was performed based on an mass spectra (MS) library search (National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Wiley), and by comparing with data in the MS literature [43,44].…”

Saudi Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenols and Biological Activities

“…Polyphenols are important plant secondary metabolites that are used for the control of aging as antioxidants [1] and the control microbes as antibacterial and antifungal agents [2,3]. Other applications of polyphenols had been discovered, such as anticancer agents [4][5][6][7], and food preservatives [8].…”

Malus baccata var. gracilis and Malus toringoides Bark Polyphenol Studies and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

“…There were antifungal effects against Aspergillus ochraceus, A. niger, and Candida albicans, and the activities were higher than the commercial reagent. M. baccata and M. toringoides could be considered as a new source of phenolic acids, including protocatechuic acid with anticancer, antibacterial antifungal, and antioxidant-promising effects.They are widely used for the control of neurodegenerative diseases [1], cancers [2][3][4][5], inflammation cardiovascular health [6,7], type 2 diabetes [8], obesity [9], insect control [10], antibacterial agents [11,12], antioxidants [13], food processing, and the production of functional foods [14]. Polyphenols are abundant in plants, and specific phenols have strong anticancer activities [15].…”

“…Polyphenols act on tumors by different mechanisms, including the induction of detoxification enzymes and the activation of the antioxidant mechanism, antiproliferation, apoptosis through cell-cycle arrest, and molecular regulation of genes associated with cancer [2,[17][18][19][20]. Tree barks are promising sources of these polyphenols; they contain phenolic acids, flavonoids, and catechins, as well as sugars [2,12,19,21,22]. Phenolic acids are an important group of phenols as they act as antioxidant agents and have, for example, anticancer and antimicrobial properties [3,[23][24][25][26][27].Microbial infections with Staphylococcus aureus cause serious human diseases such as soft tissue infection, pneumonia, sepsis, and peritonitis [28,29].…”