Bioanalytical screening methods for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds — a review of bioassay/biomarker technology

Dioxin-like compounds in agricultural soils near e-waste recycling sites from Taizhou area, China: Chemical and bioanalytical characterization

“…PCDD/F congeners with 2,3,7,8-substitution, several non-ortho and mono-ortho PCBs, as well as certain PAHs with dioxin-like structures, are found to act in a similar way through binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and inducing the CYP1A1 gene Van den Berg et al, 2006). Numerous studies have utilized in vitro bioassays based on ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) induction in rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE and other cell lines to evaluate the relative potencies of compounds in inducing CYP1A enzyme system (Behnisch et al, 2001a;Giesy et al, 2002;Qiao et al, 2006). This type of enzymatic assay has undergone a number of improvements since its initial stages, and has been proven to be a useful tool for characterizing complex mixtures of dioxin-like contaminants (Behnisch et al, 2001a,b;Giesy et al, 2002;Whyte et al, 2004).…”

Analysis of dioxins in contaminated soils with the CALUX and CAFLUX bioassays, an immunoassay, and gas chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry

“…Several in vitro bioassays have been developed for assessing AhR activity and the detection and quantification of dioxins and related chemicals [9][10][11][12]. The primary advantages of AhRbased bioassays are their high throughput capacity and low cost, compared with gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) [12].…”

Dioxin food crises and new POPs: challenges in analysis

“…Table 1 gives some of the main characteristics of both screening and confirmatory approaches in early 2000, at the time the EU strategy was implemented. Specific analytical criteria had to be developed for the CALUX to be properly used in the framework of selected contaminant measurement, taking into account differences between biological equivalent (BEQ) response, based on relative potency (REP) values of the assay, and toxic equivalent (TEQ) values, based on toxic equivalent factors (TEFs) used for the setting of MRLs [19]. Additional set up of specific BEQ cut-off values was also required to improve the assignment of the "suspected non-compliant" status [20].…”