Bioassay-guided evaluation of central nervous system effects of citronellal in rodents

Abstract

Abstract:The central nervous system (CNS) depressant and anticonvulsant activities of citronellal (CT) were investigated in animal models. The CT in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg injected by i.p. route in mice caused a significant decrease in the motor activity of animals when compared with the control group. The highest dose of CT significantly reduced the remaining time of the animals on the Rota-rod apparatus up to 2 h. Additionally, CT at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/ kg (i.p.) was also capable to promote an increase of latency for development of convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). It was efficient in prevents the tonic convulsions induced by maximal electroshock (MES) in doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, resulting in 30 and 40% of protection, respectively. This compound was also capable to promote an increase of latency for development of convulsions induced by picrotoxin (PIC) at 400 mg/kg. In the same way, the anticonvulsant effect of CT was affected by pretreatment with flumazenil, a selective antagonist of benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptor. These results suggest a possible CNS depressant and anticonvulsant activities.

Docking, characterization and investigation of β-cyclodextrin complexed with citronellal, a monoterpene present in the essential oil of Cymbopogon species, as an anti-hyperalgesic agent in chronic muscle pain model

“…Therefore, the CT-βCD is able to activate CNS areas, specifically those related to pain inhibition. The opioid and glutamate systems are probably involved in the anti-hyperalgesic effect observed in the present study, as suggested previously by Melo et al (2011Melo et al ( , 2010. Therefore, Skyba and Sluka (2002) used NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists and noted that both are involved in the maintenance of hyperalgesia in chronic muscle pain.…”

Carvacrol attenuates mechanical hypernociception and inflammatory response

“…It has been observed that many monoterpenes present a reduction of locomotor activity (Passos et al 2009) by an inhibitory effect on the CNS or by a non-specific muscle relaxation effect (Melo et al 2011b). Thus, these activities can reduce the motor coordination response, invalidating the nociceptive behavioral tests (De Sousa et al 2006b).…”

Involvement of Cerebral Nervous System Areas and Cytokines on Antihyperalgesic and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Kielmeyera rugosa Choisy (Calophyllaceae) in Rodents

“…The fact that MEKR induces antihyperalgesic effect in the mechanical hyperalgesic models suggests that MEKR can block the neural transmission of pain, like other drugs do, and may induce analgesia. Moreover, it has been observed that many compounds derived from medicinal plants present a reduction of locomotor activity (Le Bars et al, 2001) by an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system (CNS) or by a non-specific muscle relaxation effect (Melo et al, 2011). Thus, these activities can reduce the motor coordination response, invalidating the nociceptive behavioral tests (de Sousa et al, 2006).…”