Bioassay-guided fractionation and identification of antidiabetic compounds from the rind of Punica Granatum Var. nana

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of the rind of Punica granatum var. nana. Acute oral toxicity test revealed the safety profile of its ethanolic extract. The extract was administered at 200 mg/kg b.wt to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Serum diagnostic markers of diabetes (insulin, glucose and glycated hemoglobin), inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and nitric oxide), and oxidative stress (total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde) were assayed. The ethanolic extract was further fractionated and assessed for the aforementioned bioactivities at two different doses (100 and 200 mg/ kg b.wt). The results revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction of rind exhibited the highest activities. Using different chromatographic techniques, four compounds were isolated and identified as rutin, gallic acid, nictoflorin, and tulipanin. In conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of the rind of Punica granatum var. nana may provide a potential therapeutic approach for hyperglycemia.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Ameliorative potential of Operculina turpethum against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: biochemical and histopathological studies

“…In 2017, around 425 million adults in the age group of (20-79 years) reported to affect by diabetes and estimated to grow to 629 million by 2045 (Saeedi et al 2019). Nowadays, combined therapy with several oral hypoglycemic agents is used to manage diabetes, but therapies possess numerous side effects (Choudhary et al 2020;El Deeb et al 2019;Ullah Jan et al 2018). However, effective and safe treatment in curing diabetes is yet to be achieved.…”

Punica protopunica Balf., the Forgotten Sister of the Common Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): Features and Medicinal Properties—A Review

“…has also been found in P. granatum L., and many of the mechanisms of action reported by the authors are related with the high concentration of bioactive compounds of secondary metabolism of the fruit, specially ellagic acid, gallic acid, punicic acid and flavonoids as quercetin and kaempferol [ 45 , 77 , 82 , 85 , 87 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ]. Finally, the consumption of P. granatum L., including the peel and edible parts, as well as its extracts, are considered safe in vitro and in vivo [ 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 ], and these results agree with the non-cytotoxicity results of P. protopunica Balf., however, more studies in P. protopunica Balf. are required to conclude that.…”

Pomegranate as a Potential Alternative of Pain Management: A Review

“…It has shown that a food grade pomegranate fruit extract, administered orally, in an acute toxicity study, had a LD 50 of more than 5000 mg/kg in Wistar rats and Swiss albino mice and in the sub chronic study all animals survived and no changes in clinical parameters (physical and behavioral) were observed [92]. In other study, the result of the oral acute toxicity (OECD 2001), revealed no signs of toxicity in a peel extract at fixed sole dose of 2000 mg/kg for 14 days [93]. In addition, the butanolic fraction of methanolic extract of pomegranate peel was evaluated in an acute toxicity test, finding that it, was safe at a dose above 500 mg/kg [94].…”