Bioassay of Vitamin A Compounds

Harris, Philip L.

doi:10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60868-7

Cited by 15 publications

References 81 publications

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Vitamin A

Arnum¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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An overview of the history of vitamin A is presented from its use in ancient times to structural elucidation in the 1930s. A description of commercially important retinoids and carotenoids is given. Owing to the presence of an extended polyene chain, the physical and chemical properties of these compounds are dominated by this feature and these characteristics are discussed. The current industrial syntheses of vitamin A as well as the syntheses of β‐carotene are compared and contrasted. A common element to the industrial preparation of vitamin A is that these processes have a common intermediate β‐ionone. Their differences lie in methodology to elaborate the side chain and in methods of preparation of β‐ionone. Biological aspects of vitamin A and β‐carotene in animal and plant systems are reviewed as well as important dietary sources of these substances. Analytical methodology is presented.

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Vitamin A

Arnum¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Vitamin A

Pitt

1971

Carotenoids

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Biphasic action of retinoids on gonadotropin receptor induction in rat granulosa cells in vitro

Bagavandoss

Midgley

1988

Life Sciences

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Vitamin A (retinol) has been held to be uniquely essential for normal vision and reproduction, all other functions being served by its metabolite retinoic acid. The inability of retinoic acid to maintain adequate serum progesterone is implicated as the cause of fetal resorption. The availability of lipoproteins is a major limiting factor in progesterone production and the ovarian expression of lipoprotein receptors is dependent on the action of luteinizing hormone (LH). Therefore, we investigated the effects of retinol and retinoic acid on LH receptor induction by ovarian cells in an attempt to determine the basis for the reported differences in the gonadal action of these two retinoids. Our results indicate that retinoic acid (10(-10) M) and retinol (10(-8) M) each synergistically enhance the ability of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to induce LH-receptors and to stimulate the formation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and progesterone. However, at higher concentrations, both retinoids inhibited these effects of FSH. For every measured effect, retinoic acid was more potent than retinol. Since retinol is metabolized to retinoic acid in other tissues, these results suggest that retinoic acid may be the mediator of the action of retinol on the ovary and that retinol's unique effect on reproduction needs to be investigated further.

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Bioassay of Vitamin A Compounds

Cited by 15 publications

References 81 publications

Vitamin A

Vitamin A

Vitamin A

Biphasic action of retinoids on gonadotropin receptor induction in rat granulosa cells in vitro

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