Bioassays to Investigate the Effects of Insect Oviposition  on a Plant’s Resistance to Herbivores

Bandoly, Michele; Steppuhn, Anke

doi:10.21769/bioprotoc.1823

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…To measure the duration of each developmental stage, observations were conducted every 12 h (morning and evening) until adult emergence or death for each development stage. Once the pupae developed, their sexes were determined based on the morphology of the pupae [ 49 ], and were kept individually in Petri-dishes (5 cm dia. × 1.5 cm height, with topside ventilation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Temperature and Plant Host on the Development Parameters of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Maharjan

Ahn

2022

Insects

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This study investigated the effects of different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 27, 30, 35, and 40 °C) on the development rate of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) eggs, larvae, pupae, and total immatures on plant hosts (soybean, maize, potato, and green pea). The eggs of S. exigua developed successfully at all the tested temperatures, except at 40 °C. The total developmental time (egg-adult) decreased with an increasing temperature from 15 to 35 °C on plant hosts. Stage-specific parameters such as the lower threshold temperature (TH) were determined using linear and nonlinear models (Sharpe-Schoolfield-Ikemoto [SSI]). The lower developmental threshold (LDT) and thermal constant (K) were determined using a linear model. The LDT and K for the total immature stage had respective values of 11.9 °C and 397.27° -day (DD) on soybean, 11.6 °C and 458.34° -day (DD) on maize, 11.2 °C and 446.23° -day (DD) on potato, 10.7 °C and 439.75° -day (DD) on green pea, and 12.2 °C and 355.82° -day (DD) on the artificial diet. The emergence frequency of adult S. exigua over the full range of constant temperatures was simulated using nonlinear developmental rate functions and the Weibull function. This study predicted the spring emergence date in the first to second weeks of June, with approximately five generations for plant hosts. The interaction of temperature and plant host also influenced the development and longevity of the adults. Overall, the findings of this study may be useful for predicting the number of generations, occurrence, population dynamics in crop fields, and management of S. exigua.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Temperature and Plant Host on the Development Parameters of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Maharjan

Ahn

2022

Insects

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“…The aphids were contained on a single leaf for 24 h, using a round clip cage of 7 cm in diameter. The clip cage was mounted on one fully expanded leaf: specifically on the three leaflets close to the tip ( Bandoly and Steppuhn, 2016 ). Similarly, we mounted an empty clip cage on similar leaves, as mentioned above, on the plants not assigned for the aphid infestation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Local and Systemic Defense Responses in Tomato Underlying Interactions Between the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae

et al. 2021

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Plants mediate interactions between different herbivores that attack simultaneously or sequentially aboveground (AG) and belowground (BG) organs. The local and systemic activation of hormonal signaling pathways and the concomitant accumulation of defense metabolites underlie such AG-BG interactions. The main plant-mediated mechanisms regulating these reciprocal interactions via local and systemic induced responses remain poorly understood. We investigated the impact of root infection by the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita at different stages of its infection cycle, on tomato leaf defense responses triggered by the potato aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae. In addition, we analyzed the reverse impact of aphid leaf feeding on the root responses triggered by the RKN. We focused specifically on the signaling pathways regulated by the phytohormones jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as well as steroidal glycoalkaloids as induced defense compounds. We found that aphid feeding did not induce AG hormonal signaling, but it repressed steroidal glycoalkaloids related responses in leaves, specifically when feeding on plants in the vegetative stage. Root infection by the RKN impeded the aphid-triggered repression of the steroidal glycoalkaloids-related response AG. In roots, the RKN triggered the SA pathway during the entire infection cycle and the ABA pathway specifically during its reproduction stage. RKN infection also elicited the steroidal glycoalkaloids related gene expression, specifically when it was in the galling stage. Aphid feeding did not systemically alter the RKN-induced defense responses in roots. Our results point to an asymmetrical interaction between M. incognita and Ma. euphorbiae when co-occurring in tomato plants. Moreover, the RKN seems to determine the root defense response regardless of a later occurring attack by the potato aphid AG.

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“…In a 3 × 3 full-factorial experimental design, we examined the plant responses to oviposition and larval feeding by M. sexta and S. exigua and the interactive effects between them. The setup of the oviposition and larval feeding treatments were previously described in detail 58 . In brief, we exposed the second youngest source leaf (2 positions below the sink-source transition leaf) through slots in the side of a flight cage to M. sexta oviposition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moth oviposition shapes the species-specific transcriptional and phytohormonal response of Nicotiana attenuata to larval feeding

Drok

Bandoly²,

Stelzer³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Oviposition by lepidopteran herbivores on Nicotiana attenuata primes plant defence responses that are induced by the feeding larvae. While oviposition by both the generalist Spodoptera exigua and the specialist Manduca sexta primes the production of defensive phenylpropanoids, their larvae are differentially affected. We investigate here the impact of prior oviposition on the transcriptome and phytohormone levels of plants that were later attacked by larvae to find regulatory signals of this priming. In a full-factorial design, we evaluated the effects of oviposition and herbivory by both species. Oviposition alone had only subtle effects at the transcriptional level. Laval feeding alone induced species-specific plant responses. Larvae of the generalist regulated phytohormones and gene expression stronger than larvae of the specialist. A day after larvae started to feed, we detected no significant alterations of the plant’s response to larval feeding due to prior oviposition by conspecific moths. Yet, oviposition by each of the species profoundly influenced the plant’s transcriptional and phytohormonal response to feeding larvae of the other species. Remarkably, the species-specific plant responses to larval feeding shifted towards the response normally elicited by larvae of the ovipositing species. Thus, plants may already recognise an insect’s identity upon its oviposition.

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Bioassays to Investigate the Effects of Insect Oviposition on a Plant’s Resistance to Herbivores

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Interactive Effects of Temperature and Plant Host on the Development Parameters of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Interactive Effects of Temperature and Plant Host on the Development Parameters of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Induced Local and Systemic Defense Responses in Tomato Underlying Interactions Between the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Moth oviposition shapes the species-specific transcriptional and phytohormonal response of Nicotiana attenuata to larval feeding

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