Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium After Administration of Magnesium Salts to Humans

Ranade, Vasant; Somberg, J

doi:10.1097/00045391-200109000-00008

Cited by 123 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For the patient, it is important to note that the different forms of magnesium contain different amounts of magnesium, and in case they are uncertain of the correct daily dosage of the particular magnesium supplement, they should refer to their pharmacist. Forms of magnesium that dissolve well in liquid are more completely absorbed in the gut than less soluble forms [100].…”

Section: Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional recommendations for individuals with Flammer syndrome

et al. 2017

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The Flammer syndrome (FS) describes the phenotype of people with a predisposition for an altered reaction of the blood vessels to stimuli like coldness or emotional stress.The question whether such people should be treated is often discussed. On the one hand, most of these subjects are healthy; on the other hand, FS seems to predispose to certain eye diseases such as normal tension glaucoma or retinitis pigmentosa or systemic diseases such as multiple sclerosis or tinnitus. A compromise between doing nothing and a drug treatment is the adaption of nutrition. But what do we mean by healthy food consumption for subjects with FS? The adaption of nutrition depends on the health condition. Whereas patients with e.g. a metabolic syndrome should reduce their calorie intake, this can be counterproductive for subjects with FS, as most subjects with FS have already a low body mass index (BMI) and the lower the BMI the stronger the FS symptoms. Accordingly, while fasting is healthy e.g. for subjects with metabolic syndrome, fasting can even dangerously aggravate the vascular dysregulation, as it has been nicely demonstrated by the loss of retinal vascular regulation during fasting. To give another example, while reducing salt intake is recommended for subjects with systemic hypertensions, such a salt restriction can aggravate systemic hypotension and thereby indirectly also the vascular regulation in subjects with FS. This clearly demonstrates that such a preventive adaption of nutrition needs to be personalized.

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Section: Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional recommendations for individuals with Flammer syndrome

et al. 2017

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“…Malabsorption may create an osmotic gradient in the colon, resulting in loose stools or diarrhea (1). Many cost-effective retail-grade supplements contain magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate; however, bioavailability of these forms is very low and often results in negative gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (8). Magnesium glycinate, threonate, and malate, found in more expensive physician-grade supplements, are magnesium salts of organic acids with higher bioavailability, increasing absorption and minimizing GI discomfort (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scottsdale Magnesium Study: Absorption, Cellular Uptake, and Clinical Effectiveness of a Timed-Release Magnesium Supplement in a Standard Adult Clinical Population

Weiss¹,

Brunk²,

Goodman

2018

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Objective: Suboptimal magnesium status is likely widespread in the United States and increasing evidence links it to many chronic diseases. Therapeutically addressing magnesium status can be challenging, as higher supplementation often leads to bowel intolerance. This study evaluated the absorption, cellular uptake, and clinical effectiveness of a timed-release formulation containing dimagnesium malate with vitamins B6, B12, and folate (MagSRT TM ) in a standard clinical population. Methods: A standard clinical population of 91 adults participated in a placebo-controlled study carried out at two clinics; 53 individuals received MagSRT TM , containing 500 mg dimagnesium malate and vitamins B6, B12, and folate, while the remaining individuals received a placebo. Baseline serum magnesium, red blood cell (RBC) magnesium, and magnesium status questionnaire scores were collected prior to trial initiation. Serum magnesium was measured 4 and 8 hours after participants ingested 2 supplemental tablets (250 mg magnesium) or 2 placebo tablets. After 30 days, RBC magnesium was evaluated and participants completed the magnesium status questionnaire. A subset of MagSRT TM participants (24) continued the trial for 90 days. Both RBC magnesium and the magnesium status questionnaire were evaluated at 90 days. Results: More than 75% of trial participants presented with suboptimal serum and RBC magnesium status at baseline, while the magnesium status questionnaire predicted 100% of participants to have suboptimal magnesium status. MagSRT TM was well tolerated by 91% of magnesium intervention participants. RBC magnesium increased 6% and 30% over 30 and 90 days, respectively, suggesting magnesium absorption and uptake into red blood cells over time. Overall symptomatology, assessed through a magnesium status questionnaire, improved 28% over 30 days and 63% over 90 days. Conclusion: A standard adult clinical population presented with both qualitative and quantitative evidence of compromised magnesium status at the beginning of the trial. Supplementation with MagSRT TM , a timed-release dimagnesium malate supplement containing vitamins B6, B12, and folate, for at least 30 days significantly improved magnesium status symptoms and increased RBC magnesium with minimal gastrointestinal symptoms.

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“…This essential mineral is required for a broad range of physiological and biochemical functions. As a cofactor in more than 300 enzymatic reactions, many of which are dependent on ATP, Mg is involved in many key biochemical pathways, including pathways related to macronutrient degradation, oxidative phosphorylation, DNA and protein synthesis, neuromuscular excitability, and the regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion [1–4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium bioavailability from mineral waters with different mineralization levels in comparison to bread and a supplement

Schneider

Greupner

Hahn

2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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The aim of the present study was to compare the magnesium bioavailability from four mineral waters with different types of mineralization (e.g. SO4 2-, HCO3 −, calcium) with the magnesium bioavailability from bread and from a magnesium supplement. A single-center, randomized, controlled trial with a crossover design with 22 healthy men and women was conducted at the Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany. The participants consumed the six test products providing 100 mg of magnesium each on six examination days with a one-week washout phase in between. The primary outcome variables were the 24 h urinary magnesium excretion, the 24 h urinary magnesium/creatinine ratio, and the area under the curve of serum magnesium levels for 10 h (AUC0-10h). No significant differences among groups were observed for either 24 h urinary magnesium excretion or 24 h urinary magnesium/creatinine ratio. Likewise, statistical group comparisons of AUC0-10h for serum magnesium levels revealed no significant differences among the treatment groups. Accordingly, given equivalent magnesium availability from all test products, neither SO4 2- content nor the content of HCO3 − or of calcium influenced the bioavailability of magnesium. Thus, mineral water with higher concentrations of magnesium constitutes a calorie-free magnesium source that contributes to optimal magnesium supply.

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Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium After Administration of Magnesium Salts to Humans

Cited by 123 publications

References 35 publications

Nutritional recommendations for individuals with Flammer syndrome

Nutritional recommendations for individuals with Flammer syndrome

Scottsdale Magnesium Study: Absorption, Cellular Uptake, and Clinical Effectiveness of a Timed-Release Magnesium Supplement in a Standard Adult Clinical Population

Magnesium bioavailability from mineral waters with different mineralization levels in comparison to bread and a supplement

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