Bioavailability of Flavonoids

Žiberna, Lovro; Fornasaro, Stefano; Čvorović, Jovana; Tramer, Federica; Passamonti, Sabina

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398456-2.00037-2

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 239 publications

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“…A higher amount or prolonged intake of flavonoids in the diet may cause lesser side effects due to the relatively low bioavailability, lesser intestinal permeability, and higher metabolism rate [94]. Furthermore, flavonoids have only mild toxicity to humans and animals because of their poor absorption coefficient [92,95].…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids

2020

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The prevalence of fungal infections is growing at an alarming pace and the pathogenesis is still not clearly understood. Recurrence of these fungal diseases is often due to their evolutionary avoidance of antifungal resistance. The development of suitable novel antimicrobial agents for fungal diseases continues to be a major problem in the current clinical field. Hence, it is urgently necessary to develop surrogate agents that are more effective than conventional available drugs. Among the remarkable innovations from earlier investigations on natural-drugs, flavonoids are a group of plant-derived substances capable of promoting many valuable effects on humans. The identification of flavonoids with possible antifungal effects at small concentrations or in synergistic combinations could help to overcome this problem. A combination of flavonoids with available drugs is an excellent approach to reduce the side effects and toxicity. This review focuses on various naturally occurring flavonoids and their antifungal activities, modes of action, and synergetic use in combination with conventional drugs.

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Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regular consumption of flavonols and flavones has been found to be 23 mg/day, among which, quercetin supplies 16 mg/day. Catechins, quercetin, and isoflavones are measured as the top absorbed compounds; meanwhile tea catechins, condensed tannins, and anthocyanins are the negligibly absorbed compounds [35,93,94].…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids

2020

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“…All of these data support investigations to discover and inspect the attractive healing indices of Flavonoids concerning human wellbeing. The daily intake of dietary flavonoids is estimated to be about 1-2.5 g; flavonols and flavones have been found to be 23 mg [114,117]. Hence, regular intake of flavonoids could be favorable in preventing or treating various illnesses and improving health outcomes.…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There has been accumulating scientific interest in the study range of flavonoids that demonstrate the following pharmacological functions: antioxidant [ 90 , 91 ], antidiabetic and anti-obesity [ 92 , 93 ], hypolipidemic [ 94 ], anti-inflammatory [ 95 ], antimicrobial [ 96 , 97 , 98 ], anticancer [ 99 , 100 , 101 ], anti-aging [ 102 ], antiallergic and antithrombotic [ 103 ], hepatoprotective [ 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ], cardioprotective [ 108 ], neuroprotective [ 109 ], nephroprotective [ 110 ], protect from lung injury [ 111 ] and improving endothelial function, adjourning age-related cognitive and neurodegenerative diseases [ 112 , 113 ]. The evidence has validated that the prolonged consumption of dietary flavonoids at higher quantity has also produced minor side effects, which may arise due to the shortage of bioavailability and gut permeability as well as the greater metabolic rate [ 114 ]. Moreover, the intake of flavonoids produces a poor absorption coefficient, which may cause only minor toxicity to animals and humans [ 115 , 116 ].…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids against the Emerging Opportunistic Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

2020

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are the causative agent of severe chronic pulmonary diseases and is accountable for post-traumatic wound infections, lymphadenitis, endometritis, cutaneous, eye infections and disseminated diseases. These infections are extremely challenging to treat due to multidrug resistance, which encompasses the classical and existing antituberculosis agents. Hence, current studies are aimed to appraise the antimycobacterial activity of flavonoids against NTM, their capacity to synergize with pharmacological agents and their ability to block virulence. Flavonoids have potential antimycobacterial effects at minor quantities by themselves or in synergistic combinations. A cocktail of flavonoids used with existing antimycobacterial agents is a strategy to lessen side effects. The present review focuses on recent studies on naturally occurring flavonoids and their antimycobacterial effects, underlying mechanisms and synergistic effects in a cocktail with traditional agents.

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“…However, the flavonol 9 (CLogP = 1.1) is 1,000 fold more hydrophilic compared to 7 and 8 . Interestingly, flavonoids are known to actively diffuse through organism membranes via membrane transporters such as the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters [ 60 ]. Moreover, parasitic protozoa are known to express these ABC transporters and other relevant transporters utilized by flavonoids [ 61 ], which may explain the activity of 9 compared to 7 and 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larrea tridentata: A novel source for anti-parasitic agents active against Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Naegleria fowleri

Bashyal

Trpta

et al. 2017

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Protozoan parasites infect and kill millions of people worldwide every year, particularly in developing countries where access to clean fresh water is limited. Among the most common are intestinal parasites, including Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica. These parasites wreak havoc on the epithelium lining the small intestines (G. lamblia) and colon (E. histolytica) causing giardiasis and amebiasis, respectively. In addition, there are less common but far more deadly pathogens such as Naegleria fowleri that thrive in warm waters and infect the central nervous systems of their victims via the nasal passages. Despite their prevalence and associated high mortality rates, there remains an unmet need to identify more effective therapeutics for people infected with these opportunistic parasites. To address this unmet need, we have surveyed plants and traditional herbal medicines known throughout the world to identify novel antiparasitic agents with activity against G. lamblia, E. histolytica, and N. fowleri. Herein, we report Larrea tridentata, known as creosote bush, as a novel source for secondary metabolites that display antiparasitic activity against all three pathogens. This report also characterizes the lignan compound classes, nordihydroguairetic acid and demethoxyisoguaiacin, as novel antiparasitic lead agents to further develop more effective drug therapy options for millions of people worldwide.

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Bioavailability of Flavonoids

Cited by 28 publications

References 239 publications

Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids

Anti-Fungal Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids

Efficacy and Mechanisms of Flavonoids against the Emerging Opportunistic Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Larrea tridentata: A novel source for anti-parasitic agents active against Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Naegleria fowleri

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