Bioavailability to rats and toxicity in mice of carbofurah residues bound to faba beans

Abstract

14C-carbofuran penetrated readily into seeds of Vicia faba and the rate of penetration was found to be dose dependent. The percentage of bound residues was generally low and did not exceed 3% of the applied dose. When the bound residues were fed to rats 46% of the radioactivity was eliminated via CO2 and urine, while tissues contained 25%. Carbofuran phenol and 3-hydroxy carbofuran represented the main metabolites in the urine. These data indicate that bean-bound carbofuran residues are highly bioavailable to rats. Feeding mice with bound carbofuran residues for 90 days led to inhibition of erythrocyte cholinesterase activity after 30 days (35-40%) while the plasma enzyme remained unaffected. Serum transaminases and blood urea nitrogen were significantly elevated, indicating injury to hepatic and renal structures. The results strongly suggest that the bound residues can induce adverse biological effects in mice.

Fate of 14C-ethyl Profenofos in Soybean Seeds and Oils, Residue Removal, Bioavailability, Toxicity and Protective Action of Cinnamon Extract towards Experimental Animals

“…Similar results were reported from studies on the bioavailability of soybean bound residues of pirimifos methyl (40) , chloropyrofos (41) , dichlorovos (42) and fenitrothion (43) . Also, the data obtained are in line with many other studies which indicate a moderate to high bioavailability of grains bound 14 C-pesticide residues in experimental animals (44)(45)(46) . …”

Sublethal chronic effects of oral dietary exposure to deltamethrin in Swiss albino mice

“…The increased serum creatinine and urea levels in deltamethrin-exposed mice agrees with the results of prior studies reporting nephrotoxic changes in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides (El-Gerbed, 2014; Calvert, 2016; Valcke et al, 2017). Treatment of mice with carbofuran and lambda-cyhalothrin has caused elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, indicating toxicity to the renal system (Fetoui et al, 2010; Mostafa et al, 1992).…”

Comparative Effects of Acute and Chronic Carbofuran Exposure on Oxidative Stress and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Liver

“…Ram and Singh (1988) have shown biochemical and histopathological changes in liver of Channa punctatus involving cytoplasminolysis, nuclear pyknosis, and necrosis leading to complete exhaustion and disintegration of hepatocytes. Mostafa et al (1992) have shown carbofuran-treated mice have elevated levels of transaminases and blood urea nitrogen indicating toxicity to hepatic structures. In addition, Gupta et al (1994) have reported increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels after carbofuran exposure in liver.…”