Biocatalytically active microgels by precipitation polymerization of <i>N</i>-isopropyl acrylamide in the presence of an enzyme

Reinicke, Stefan; Fischer, Thilo C.; Bramski, Julia; Pietruszka, Jörg; Böker, Alexander

doi:10.1039/c9ra04000e

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…[32][33][34] The latter implies secure incorporation of enzymes into polymeric microgels aimed at prevention of any deformation of the active site, dissociation of a multi-subunit enzyme into subunits, enzyme aggregation, and so on. Most of the researchers choose co-immobilization [35][36][37][38][39][40] of enzymes with microgels or post-polymerization covalent bioconjugation [36,[41][42][43] of enzymes to microgels. However, simple adsorption seems to be the easiest and the most efficient approach for the incorporation of enzymes into microgels, a high level of enzymatic activity being, moreover, reported for such systems.…”

Section: Microgelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgels in Tandem with Enzymes: Tuning Adsorption of a pH‐ and Thermoresponsive Microgel for Improved Design of Enzymatic Biosensors

Sigolaeva

Pergushov

Gladyr

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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The benefits of stimuli‐responsiveness of microgels for surface modification and further engineering of microgel‐enzyme biosensor constructs are highlighted. Accordingly, the adsorption behavior of the pH‐ and temperature‐sensitive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide) microgel (P(NIPAM‐co‐DMAPMA) microgel) is examined by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and quartz‐crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM‐D). An enhanced adsorption of the microgel onto relatively hydrophobic surfaces is observed at elevated pH and temperature as manifested by a high surface coverage and a large adsorbed mass. This is a consequence of pronounced hydrophobization of the microgel as revealed by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and turbidimetry (cloud points). The subsequent electrostatic loading of the surface‐bound microgel with enzymes is examined by means of QCM‐D and demonstrates a highly‐capacious integration of biomolecules into the microgel films. Finally, the biosensor responses of the microgel‐enzyme films fabricated onto screen‐printed graphite electrodes are assessed to demonstrate a biorelated application. Thus, a comprehensive conceptual understanding is attained on the key points: (1) how the stimuli‐responsive properties of the microgel correlate with its amount deposited onto the surface, (2) what determines the highly‐capacious loading of the surface‐bound microgel with the enzymes, and ultimately (3) how the tandem of the stimuli‐sensitive microgels and enzymes can be used for easy engineering of biosensor systems.

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Section: Microgelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgels in Tandem with Enzymes: Tuning Adsorption of a pH‐ and Thermoresponsive Microgel for Improved Design of Enzymatic Biosensors

Sigolaeva

Pergushov

Gladyr

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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“…swollen structure suffer from the lack of available surface area. 51,52 This implies that the tunability of crosslinking density facilitates control over the average particle and pore size, swelling capacity, and mechanical properties of microgels, which further regulates the modality of their interaction with both enzyme and substrate and later on the local density of immobilized enzyme as well as the diffusion rate of the substrate.…”

Section: Synthesis Of P(hpma-co-cbmaa) Microgelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNase I functional microgels for neutrophil extracellular trap disruption

et al. 2022

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“…Considering the fragile and sensitive nature of the enzyme and membrane, we need to choose a type of microgel with mild responsive conditions and ease of operation. Thereinto, temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels attract our attention owing to their pronounced thermal response near physiological temperature (32°C), mature synthesis process, good biocompatibility, and high monodispersity ( Nöth et al., 2020 ; Reinicke et al., 2019 ; Rey et al., 2020 ). PNIPAM is hydrophilic and swollen in aqueous media below 32°C, whereas it becomes hydrophobic and collapsed above 32°C ( Xiao et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regenerable temperature-responsive biocatalytic nanofiltration membrane for organic micropollutants removal

2022

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Summary Biocatalytic nanofiltration membranes (BNMs) exhibit great potentials in organic micropollutants removal attributed to its synergistic effect between enzyme catalysis and membrane separation. However, the difficulties in regeneration of the BNMs halted their economic practicality. Inspired by cell membranes with stimuli-responsive channels, we have developed the temperature-responsive BNMs with nanogating function by poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) modification. PNIPAM modification increases the geometric confinement of the support layer to enzymes, thus improving enzyme loading, inhibiting enzyme leakage, and preventing membrane permeability decline caused by enzyme excess migration and aggregation. By optimizing the concentration of reaction monomers, modification time, and strategies, the PNIPAM-based BNMs show high bisphenol A (BPA) removal efficiency and long-term stability. Furthermore, the PNIPAM-polyethyleneimine-based BNMs can be easily regenerated at 38°C, and the laccase activity and BPA removal efficiency are fully recovered. This work would promote the real application of BNMs in bioconversion, drug delivery, and biosensors.

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Biocatalytically active microgels by precipitation polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide in the presence of an enzyme

Abstract: Precipitation polymerization of NIPAm in the presence of an enzyme and a protein-binding comonomer as a simple and versatile immobilization protocol.

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Microgels in Tandem with Enzymes: Tuning Adsorption of a pH‐ and Thermoresponsive Microgel for Improved Design of Enzymatic Biosensors

Microgels in Tandem with Enzymes: Tuning Adsorption of a pH‐ and Thermoresponsive Microgel for Improved Design of Enzymatic Biosensors

DNase I functional microgels for neutrophil extracellular trap disruption

Regenerable temperature-responsive biocatalytic nanofiltration membrane for organic micropollutants removal

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